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Stephenson's Rocket is an early steam locomotive of 0-2-2 wheel arrangement. It was built for and won the Rainhill Trials of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR), held in October 1829 to show that improved locomotives would be more efficient than stationary steam engines .
Stephenson's Rocket, the first 0-2-2 locomotive.This is the condition after rebuilding, with the cylinders lowered from their original position. An 0-2-2, in the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, is one that has two coupled driving wheels followed by two trailing wheels, with no leading wheels.
Stephenson valve gear is a convenient arrangement for any engine that needs to reverse and was widely applied to railway locomotives, traction engines, steam car engines and to stationary engines that needed to reverse, such as rolling-mill engines. It was used on the overwhelming majority of marine engines.
Later conjectural drawing of the Rainhill trials. In the foreground is Rocket and in the background are Sans Pareil (right) and Novelty.. The Rainhill trials were a competition run from the 6 to 14 October 1829, to test George Stephenson's argument that locomotives would have the best motive power for the then nearly-completed Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR). [1]
The diagram, which is not to scale, is a composite of various designs in the late steam era. Some components shown are not the same as, or are not present, on some locomotives – for example, on smaller or articulated types. Conversely, some locomotives have components not listed here.
Diagram and lot no. Built Location Object Number Image Grand Junction Railway: 282693 1838 Travelling Post Office replica Wolverton (LMS) 1938 Shildon [190] [191] 1975-7043/1 West Coast Joint Stock (LNWR) 186 TPO: Wolverton: Dia No. 87 1883 York [192] 1975–7042 GNR: 948 Six-wheel full brake Doncaster: 1887 York [193] 1975–7044 ECJS: 82 ...
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Outside cylinders, on Stephenson's Rocket; In the 19th and early 20th centuries, inside cylinders were widely used in the United Kingdom, but outside cylinders were more common in Continental Europe and the United States due to their larger loading gauge. From about 1920, outside cylinders became more common in the UK but many inside-cylinder ...