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A Brodmann area is a region of the cerebral cortex, in the human or other primate brain, defined by its cytoarchitecture, or histological structure and organization of cells. The concept was first introduced by the German anatomist Korbinian Brodmann in the early 20th century. Brodmann mapped the human brain based on the varied cellular ...
The area of the visual cortex that receives the sensory input from the lateral geniculate nucleus is the primary visual cortex, also known as visual area 1 , Brodmann area 17, or the striate cortex. The extrastriate areas consist of visual areas 2, 3, 4, and 5 (also known as V2, V3, V4, and V5, or Brodmann area 18 and all Brodmann area 19 ).
the eye on the opposite side (the contralateral eye) sends information to layers 1, 4 and 6. This description applies to the LGN of many primates, but not all. The sequence of layers receiving information from the ipsilateral and contralateral (opposite side of the head) eyes is different in the tarsier . [ 10 ]
The visual system is the physiological basis of visual perception (the ability to detect and process light).The system detects, transduces and interprets information concerning light within the visible range to construct an image and build a mental model of the surrounding environment.
Orientation columns are located in the primary visual cortex also known as the striate cortex. These orientation columns are not cylindrical in shape as the word column implies but are flat slabs that are parallel to each other. The slabs are perpendicular to the surface of the visual cortex and are lined up similar to slices of bread.
Two main classes of cells in visual cortex were identified by David H. Hubel and Torsten Wiesel in 1962 through their investigation of the cat's primary visual cortex. [3] These classes were called simple and complex cells , which differ in how their receptive fields respond to light and dark stimuli .
Ocular dominance columns are stripes of neurons in the visual cortex of certain mammals (including humans [1]) that respond preferentially to input from one eye or the other. [2] The columns span multiple cortical layers , and are laid out in a striped pattern across the surface of the striate cortex (V1).
This means that the organization in the periphery mirrors the order of the information processing in the brain. This organization can be somatotopic, [10] as in the tactile sense of touch, or tonotopic, [11] as in the ear, and the retinotopic map which is laid out in the brain as the cells are arranged on the retina. Neurons on the surface of ...