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  2. Tension member - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tension_member

    In an axially loaded tension member, the stress is given by: F = P/A where P is the magnitude of the load and A is the cross-sectional area. The stress given by this equation is exact, knowing that the cross section is not adjacent to the point of application of the load nor having holes for bolts or other discontinuities. For ex

  3. Compression member - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compression_member

    Compression members are structural elements that are pushed together or carry a load; more technically, they are subjected only to axial compressive forces. That is, the loads are applied on the longitudinal axis through the centroid of the member cross section, and the load over the cross-sectional area gives the stress on the compressed member.

  4. Buckling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckling

    Buckling may occur even though the stresses that develop in the structure are well below those needed to cause failure in the material of which the structure is composed. . Further loading may cause significant and somewhat unpredictable deformations, possibly leading to complete loss of the member's load-carrying capac

  5. Stress (mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_(mechanics)

    Shear stress in a horizontal bar loaded by two offset blocks. Another simple type of stress occurs when a uniformly thick layer of elastic material like glue or rubber is firmly attached to two stiff bodies that are pulled in opposite directions by forces parallel to the layer; or a section of a soft metal bar that is being cut by the jaws of a ...

  6. Conjugate beam method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_beam_method

    The conjugate beam is "loaded" with the M/EI diagram derived from the load on the real beam. From the above comparisons, we can state two theorems related to the conjugate beam: [ 2 ] Theorem 1: The slope at a point in the real beam is numerically equal to the shear at the corresponding point in the conjugate beam.

  7. Structural engineering theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineering_theory

    Strength depends upon material properties. The strength of a material depends on its capacity to withstand axial stress, shear stress, bending, and torsion.The strength of a material is measured in force per unit area (newtons per square millimetre or N/mm², or the equivalent megapascals or MPa in the SI system and often pounds per square inch psi in the United States Customary Units system).

  8. Euler–Bernoulli beam theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler–Bernoulli_beam_theory

    The three-point bending test is a classical experiment in mechanics. It represents the case of a beam resting on two roller supports and subjected to a concentrated load applied in the middle of the beam. The shear is constant in absolute value: it is half the central load, P / 2.

  9. Strength of materials - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strength_of_materials

    However, structures loaded in compression are subject to additional failure modes, such as buckling, that are dependent on the member's geometry. Tensile stress is the stress state caused by an applied load that tends to elongate the material along the axis of the applied load, in other words, the stress caused by pulling the material.