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Arsenic is a common natural contaminant of well water and is highly carcinogenic. Iron oxide adsorption treatment for arsenic in groundwater is a commonly practiced removal process which involves the chemical treatment of arsenic species such that they adsorb onto iron oxides and create larger particles that may be filtered out of the water stream.
Arsenic forms colorless, odorless, crystalline oxides As 2 O 3 ("white arsenic") and As 2 O 5 which are hygroscopic and readily soluble in water to form acidic solutions. Arsenic(V) acid is a weak acid and the salts are called arsenates, [5] the most common arsenic contamination of groundwater, and a problem that affects
Ghana Water had requested a 400% tariff increase to fully cover costs, but the regulator had pared down the request substantially, citing concerns about affordability. [4] Between 1990 and 1997, the average water tariff in Ghana's urban areas had been in the range of US$0.10 to US$0.15 per m³. [82] [83]
The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure. Units of solubility are given in grams of substance per 100 millilitres of water (g/(100 mL)), unless shown otherwise. The substances are listed in alphabetical order.
In its standard state arsine is a colorless, denser-than-air gas that is slightly soluble in water (2% at 20 °C) [1] and in many organic solvents as well. [citation needed] Arsine itself is odorless, [5] but it oxidizes in air and this creates a slight garlic or fish-like scent when the compound is present above 0.5 ppm. [6]
Arsenate is the major arsenic form in oxidizing environments; however, in one study, bacteria from arsenic-contaminated soil at a smelter site was able to reduce As(+5) to As(+3) under anaerobic conditions at arsenic concentration as high as 75 mg/L. [3] Arsenate-respiring bacteria and Archaea have also recently been isolated from a diversity of natural environments, including freshwater ...
The biogeochemistry of arsenic is complex and includes various adsorption and desorption processes. The toxicity of arsenic is connected to its solubility and is affected by pH. Arsenite (AsO 3− 3) is more soluble than arsenate (AsO 3− 4) and is more toxic; however, at a lower pH, arsenate becomes more mobile and toxic. It was found that ...
It enters the water mostly via diffusion at the water-air interface. Oxygen's solubility in water decreases as water temperature increases. Fast, turbulent streams expose more of the water's surface area to the air and tend to have low temperatures and thus more oxygen than slow, backwaters.