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  2. Environmental gradient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_gradient

    The abiotic factors that environmental gradients consist of can have a direct ramifications on organismal survival. Generally, organismal distribution is tied to those abiotic factors, but even an environmental gradient of one abiotic factor yields insight into how a species distribution might look.

  3. Photic zone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photic_zone

    The photic zone (or euphotic zone, epipelagic zone, or sunlight zone) is the uppermost layer of a body of water that receives sunlight, allowing phytoplankton to perform photosynthesis. It undergoes a series of physical, chemical, and biological processes that supply nutrients into the upper water column .

  4. Biomass partitioning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomass_partitioning

    Biomass partitioning is the process by which plants divide their energy among their leaves, stems, roots, and reproductive parts.These four main components of the plant have important morphological roles: leaves take in CO 2 and energy from the sun to create carbon compounds, stems grow above competitors to reach sunlight, roots absorb water and mineral nutrients from the soil while anchoring ...

  5. Abiotic component - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiotic_component

    Humans can make or change abiotic factors in a species' environment. For instance, fertilizers can affect a snail's habitat, or the greenhouse gases which humans utilize can change marine pH levels. Abiotic components include physical conditions and non-living resources that affect living organisms in terms of growth, maintenance, and ...

  6. Environmental factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_factor

    Abiotic factors include ambient temperature, amount of sunlight, air, soil, water and pH of the water soil in which an organism lives. Biotic factors would include the availability of food organisms and the presence of biological specificity , competitors , predators , and parasites .

  7. Lake ecosystem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_ecosystem

    The offshore is divided into two further zones, an open water zone and a deep water zone. In the open water zone (or photic zone) sunlight supports photosynthetic algae and the species that feed upon them. In the deep water zone, sunlight is not available and the food web is based on detritus entering from the littoral and photic zones.

  8. Trophic state index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trophic_state_index

    [17] [18] Nitrogen fixation cannot adequately supply these marine ecosystems, because the nitrogen fixing microbes are themselves limited by the availability of various abiotic factors like sunlight and dissolved oxygen. [19] However, marine ecosystems are too broad a range of environments for one nutrient to limit all marine primary productivity.

  9. Outline of ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_ecology

    The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to ecology: . Ecology – scientific study of the distribution and abundance of living organisms and how the distribution and abundance are affected by interactions between the organisms and their environment.