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The noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon) were previously known as 'inert gases' because of their perceived lack of participation in any chemical reactions. The reason for this is that their outermost electron shells (valence shells) are completely filled, so that they have little tendency to gain or lose electrons.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 23 November 2024. Chemical element with atomic number 10 (Ne) This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Neon (disambiguation). Chemical element with atomic number 10 (Ne) Neon, 10 Ne Neon Appearance colorless gas exhibiting an orange-red glow when placed in an electric field ...
For instance, argon, krypton, and xenon form clathrates with hydroquinone, but helium and neon do not because they are too small or insufficiently polarizable to be retained. [61] Neon, argon, krypton, and xenon also form clathrate hydrates, where the noble gas is trapped in ice. [62] An endohedral fullerene compound containing a noble gas atom
From the standpoint of chemistry, the noble gases may be divided into two groups: [citation needed] the relatively reactive krypton (ionisation energy 14.0 eV), xenon (12.1 eV), and radon (10.7 eV) on one side, and the very unreactive argon (15.8 eV), neon (21.6 eV), and helium (24.6 eV) on the other.
Generally, all noble gases except oganesson (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon), nitrogen, and carbon dioxide are considered inert gases. The term inert gas is context-dependent because several of the inert gases, including nitrogen and carbon dioxide, can be made to react under certain conditions. [1] [2]
Neon's polarisability of 0.395 Å 3 is the second lowest of any element (only helium's is more extreme). Low polarisability means there will be little tendency to link to other atoms. [1] Neon has a Lewis basicity or proton affinity of 2.06 eV. [2] Neon is theoretically less reactive than helium, making it the least reactive of all the elements ...
The only possible motion of an atom in a monatomic gas is translation (electronic excitation is not important at room temperature). Thus by the equipartition theorem, the kinetic energy of a single atom of a monatomic gas at thermodynamic temperature T is given by , where k B is the Boltzmann constant.
Helium is the smallest and the lightest noble gas and one of the most unreactive elements, so it was commonly considered that helium compounds cannot exist at all, or at least under normal conditions. [1] Helium's first ionization energy of 24.57 eV is the highest of any element. [2]