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[9] [10] [11] Antarctic animals have adapted to reduce heat loss, with mammals developing warm windproof coats and layers of blubber. [12] Antarctica's cold deserts have some of the least diverse fauna in the world. Terrestrial vertebrates are limited to subantarctic islands, and even then they are limited in number. [13]
The West Antarctica plateau reaches snow levels of around 30 cm (12 in). This area is also warmer but it receives the heaviest snow and receives more wind. Because of the cold desert-like conditions on the plateaus, there are very little plants and animals. Some species of birds though have been seen.
Japanese macaques can survive in cold temperatures of below −15°C (5°F), and are among very few primates that can do so.. Chionophiles are any organisms (animals, plants, fungi, etc.) that can thrive in cold winter conditions (the word is derived from the Greek word chion meaning "snow", and -phile meaning "lover").
In this cold climate plant life is mainly limited to grasses, mosses and lichens, although the islands are also known for the indigenous edible Kerguelen cabbage. The islands are at the Antarctic Convergence , where cold water moving up from the Antarctic mixes with the warmer water of the Indian Ocean.
Australian researchers studying glacial caves in Antarctica say they are so warm they could support plant and animal life. DNA found in warm Antarctic caves could mean new plant and animal discoveries
In warm blooded animals (mammals and birds) this state is referred to as hibernation or torpor (shorter periods of inactivity between awakening); whereas a similar condition in cold-blooded ...
Antarctic diatom algae covering the underwater surface of broken sea ice in the Ross Sea. Microscopic algae that can tolerate extremely cold temperatures can survive in snow, ice, and very cold seawater. On snow, cold-tolerant algae can bloom on the snow surface covering land, glaciers, or sea ice when there is sufficient light.
Cold weather makes it harder for perennials and bulbs to acclimate after planting and it also increases the likelihood that plants will be damaged by cold and rough handling.