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Casta is an Iberian word (existing in Spanish, Portuguese and other Iberian languages since the Middle Ages), meaning 'lineage'. It is documented in Spanish since 1417 and is linked to the Proto-Indo-European ger. The Portuguese casta gave rise to the English word caste during the early modern period. [1] [2]
Each broad caste level is a hierarchical order that is based on notions of purity, non-purity and impurity. It uses the concepts of defilement to limit contacts between caste categories and to preserve the purity of the upper castes. These caste categories have been exclusionary, endogamous and the social identity inherited. [84]
Portuguese names like António, João, Maria, Ana are also common among Goan Catholics who follow Portuguese culture. British names (e.g. Kevin, Shelley) and other European names (e.g. Benito, Heidi), which have no Konkani variants, are also popular.
The Portuguese also desired a similar complete integration of the native Christians into Portuguese culture. [34] The retention of the caste system and Hindu customs by the converts was contemptuously looked down upon by the Portuguese, who desired complete assimilation of the native Christians into their own culture.
The Portuguese cognate, mestiço, historically referred to any mixture of Portuguese and local populations in the Portuguese colonies. In colonial Brazil, most of the non-enslaved population was initially mestiço de indio, i.e. mixed Portuguese and Native Brazilian. There was no descent-based casta system, and children of upper-class ...
Pereira is a surname in the Portuguese and Galician languages, well known and quite common, mostly in Portugal, Galicia, Brazil, other regions of the former Portuguese Empire, among Galician descendants in Spanish-speaking Latin America.
The Portuguese surname "Correia" is of occupational origin. The name is derived from the Portuguese word correia, meaning "a leather strap or belt" (Latin corrigia, "fastening," from corrigere, "to straighten or to correct"), applied as a metonymic occupational name for a maker or seller of leather belts and straps. The name is found throughout ...
Portuguese Uruguayans are mainly of Azorean descent. [335] Portuguese presence in the country dates to colonial times, in particular to the establishment of Colonia del Sacramento by the Portuguese in 1680, [336] which eventually turned into a regional smuggling center. Other Portuguese entered Uruguay from Brazil. During the second half of the ...