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A nasal fracture, commonly referred to as a broken nose, is a fracture of one of the bones of the nose. [3] Symptoms may include bleeding, swelling, bruising, and an inability to breathe through the nose. [1] [3] They may be complicated by other facial fractures or a septal hematoma. [1]
A bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx, F x, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body. In more severe cases, the bone may be broken into several fragments, known as a comminuted fracture. [1]
The two broad categories of blowout fractures are open door and trapdoor fractures. Open door fractures are large, displaced and comminuted, and trapdoor fractures are linear, hinged, and minimally displaced. [4] The hinged orbital blowout fracture is a fracture with an edge of the fractured bone attached on either side. [5]
Essex-Lopresti fracture: Peter Essex-Lopresti: comminuted radial head fracture with interosseous membrane disruption and distal radioulnar joint subluxation: fall from height: Essex Lopresti fracture at Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics online Galeazzi fracture: Ricardo Galeazzi: radius shaft fracture with dislocation of distal radioulnar ...
Commonly injured facial bones include the nasal bone (the nose), the maxilla (the bone that forms the upper jaw), and the mandible (the lower jaw). The mandible may be fractured at its symphysis, body, angle, ramus, and condyle. [4] The zygoma (cheekbone) and the frontal bone (forehead) are other sites for fractures. [13]
Fractures with displacement require surgery consisting of fracture reduction with miniplates, microplates and screws. Gillie's approach is used for depressed zygomatic fractures. [5] The prognosis of tripod fractures is generally good. In some cases there may be persistent post-surgical facial asymmetry, which can require further treatment. [6]
Frontal bone fractures may result in damage to the frontonasal duct, resulting in impaired drainage of the frontal sinus and consequent predisposition to intercranial spread of infection, and the development of mucocele in the frontal sinus. Frontal sinus wall fractures may require the frontonasal duct to be sealed and the epithelium of the ...
The Le Fort III fracture (transverse fracture) occurs at the level of the skull base, resulting in complete craniofacial separation of the midface from the base of the skull. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The fracture line extends through the zygomatic arch , the pterygoid plates , the lateral and medial orbital walls , the nasal bones , and the nasal septum .