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In marine geology, a knoll is defined as a rounded underwater hill, not exceeding 1000 meters in height. [1] Any rounded underwater features exceeding that height are referred to as seamounts. [2] They are believed to cover around 16.3% of the world's seafloor. [3]
A seamount is a large submarine landform that rises from the ocean floor without reaching the water surface , and thus is not an island, islet, or cliff-rock. Seamounts are typically formed from extinct volcanoes that rise abruptly and are usually found rising from the seafloor to 1,000–4,000 m (3,300–13,100 ft) in height.
The Bear Seamount (left), a guyot in the northern Atlantic Ocean. In marine geology, a guyot (/ ˈ ɡ iː. oʊ, ɡ iː ˈ oʊ /), [1] [2] also called a tablemount, is an isolated underwater volcanic mountain with a flat top more than 200 m (660 ft) below the surface of the sea. [3]
A seamount is a mountain rising from the ocean seafloor that does not reach to the water's surface (sea level), and thus is not an island, islet or Cliff-rock. Seamounts are typically formed from extinct volcanoes that rise abruptly and are usually found rising from the seafloor to 1,000–4,000 m (3,300–13,100 ft) in height.
To give a scale of their mission, there are an estimated 100,000 seamounts in the ocean, but only 350 of them have been sampled, and only about 100 sampled thoroughly. [3] [5] Although sampling all 100,000 seamounts is infeasible, major seamounts can be sampled in such a way. [4] [6] [7] CenSeam is a subdivision of the Census of Marine Life ...
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Researcher Ridge is an underwater ridge in the Northern Atlantic Ocean.It appears to be a chain of seamounts named Gollum Seamount, Vayda Seamount, Bilbo Seamount, Gandalf Seamount, The Shire Seamount, Pippin Seamount, Merry Seamount, Molodezhnaya Seamount, Frodo Seamount, Sam Seamount and Mount Doom Seamount that were likely formed by a hotspot.
Discovered in 1992, these seamounts form a 1,350 kilometres (840 mi) long chain which starts from the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge. Some of these seamounts may have once emerged from the ocean. The Foundation Seamounts were probably formed by a now-weakening mantle plume called the Foundation hotspot that is located close to the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge.