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The First War of Scottish Independence between England and Scotland began in 1296, when Edward I of England (r. 1272–1307) stormed and sacked the Scottish border town of Berwick-upon-Tweed as a prelude to his invasion of Scotland. [1] More than 32 years of warfare followed, [2] with Berwick being recaptured by the Scots in 1318. [3]
The siege of Berwick lasted four months in 1333 and resulted in the Scottish-held town of Berwick-upon-Tweed being captured by an English army commanded by King Edward III (r. 1327–1377 ). The year before, Edward Balliol had seized the Scottish Crown , surreptitiously supported by Edward III.
The siege of Berwick was an event in the First War of Scottish Independence which took place in April 1318. Sir James Douglas, Lord of Douglas took the town and castle of Berwick-upon-Tweed from the English, who had controlled the town since 1296.
Douglas surrendered the castle on the agreement that his garrison would be spared, but he was imprisoned. [11]When the town had been taken in this way and its citizens had submitted, Edward spared no one, whatever the age or sex, and for two days streams of blood flowed from the bodies of the slain, for in his tyrannous rage he ordered 7,500 souls of both sexes to be massacred....
Berwick-upon-Tweed (/ ˈ b ɛr ɪ k / ⓘ), sometimes known as Berwick-on-Tweed or simply Berwick, is a town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, 2.5 mi (4 km) south of the Anglo-Scottish border, and the northernmost town in England. [a] [1] The 2011 United Kingdom census recorded Berwick's population as 12,043. [2]
1973 Berwick-upon-Tweed by-election; Borough of Berwick-upon-Tweed; C. English invasion of Scotland (1482) Siege of Berwick (1318) Siege of Berwick (1333) John Cooper ...
The Treaty of Berwick, signed at Berwick-upon-Tweed, England, on 3 October 1357, officially ended the Second War of Scottish Independence. [1] [2] [3] [4] In this ...
Capture of Berwick or Siege of Berwick may refer to: Capture of Berwick (1296) (Sack of Berwick) Siege of Berwick (1318) Siege of Berwick (1333) Sieges of Berwick (1355 and 1356) Capture of Berwick (1482)