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Automatic transmission fluid (ATF) is a hydraulic fluid that is essential for the proper functioning of vehicles equipped with automatic transmissions. Usually, it is coloured red or green to differentiate it from motor oil and other fluids in the vehicle.
In 1959, Ford released their own Type-A automatic transmission fluid specification (M2C33-A) and stopped using GM fluid specifications for their in-house transmissions. The Ford M2C33-A fluid had GM Type "A" Suffix "A" characteristics. Transmission fluid service life was fairly short, and frequent transmission oil changes were required.
This was the world's first automatic transmission fluid, designed for the world's first mass-produced automatic transmission. [2] This fluid had cold-weather performance problems, which led to the need for an improved fluid, the Type "A" fluid, in 1949. The Hydra-Matic drive fluid was only available at GM dealerships.
The first automatic transmission to use a torque converter (instead of a fluid coupling) was the Buick Dynaflow, which was introduced for the 1948 model year. In normal driving, the Dynaflow used only the top gear, relying on the torque multiplication of the torque convertor at lower speeds.
This was quickly changed to "Hondamatic". This gearbox was a separate unit and used ATF - Automatic Transmission Fluid. The company's naming scheme is also confusing, as it is specific to a single model of the vehicle and some identifiers are reused. Below is a list of Honda automatic transmissions: [4] 1973–1979 H2 — 2-speed
Some modern automatic transaxles (integrated transmission and differential) do not use a heavy oil at all but lubricate with the lower viscosity hydraulic fluid, which is available at pressure within the automatic transmission. Gear oils account for about 20% of the lubricant market. [1]
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