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Cathedrals and Castles: Building in the Middle Ages (UK title: The Cathedral Builders of the Middle Ages; French: Quand les cathédrales étaient peintes, lit. 'When the Cathedrals were Painted') is a 1993 illustrated monograph on medieval architecture, mostly church architecture, and its building technology.
In the Middle Ages these were all clergy, or boys in an attached choir school, and the chancel (strictly defined) was the area occupied by officiating clergy, with few lay intrusions. In cathedrals the canons and other priests sat in the choir, as did the monks in monastic churches. [29]
The Romanesque style, of which the English form is often known as Norman architecture, developed local characteristics. [2] [5] At the Norman conquest, most English cathedrals were already richly endowed, and as major centres of Norman power they were then able to acquire further lands formerly held by dispossessed English landowners. [6]
The construction of Gothic cathedrals was an ambitious, expensive, and technically demanding aspect of life in the Late Middle Ages. From the late 11th century until the Renaissance , largely in Western Europe , Gothic cathedral construction required substantial funding, highly skilled workers, and engineering solutions for complex technical ...
The oldest building in the complex is the only church known with certainty to have been built in the 10th century in its site in mainland Greece. [57] This centralized parallelogram-shaped building is the oldest example of the cross-in-square type in the country; its plan closely follows that of Lips Monastery in Constantinople. Boyana Church ...
Although from the 15th century the Gothic style was replaced by Renaissance architecture, marking the end of the Middle Ages and medieval architecture, there were Gothic Revival and Romanesque Revival movements in the nineteenth century. [4] Both religious and secular examples of medieval Gothic architecture survive, notably a number of cathedrals.
[7] [page needed] During the Middle Ages all wooden churches in Norway (about 1000 in total) were constructed in the stave church technique, but only 271 masonry constructions. [8] After the Protestant reformation when the construction of new (or replacement of old) churches was resumed, wood was still the dominant material but the log ...
Romanesque architecture [1] is an architectural style of medieval Europe that was predominant in the 11th and 12th centuries. [2] The style eventually developed into the Gothic style with the shape of the arches providing a simple distinction: the Romanesque is characterized by semicircular arches, while the Gothic is marked by the pointed arches.