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To indicate this, they are called postpositions (using the prefix post-, from Latin post meaning "behind, after"). There are also some cases where the function is performed by two parts coming before and after the complement; this is called a circumposition (from Latin circum- prefix "around").
Noun adjuncts (nouns qualifying another noun) also generally come before the nouns they modify: in a phrase like book club, the adjunct (modifier) book comes before the head (modified noun) club. By contrast, prepositional phrases , adverbs of location, etc., as well as relative clauses , come after the nouns they modify: the elephant in the ...
post-denotes something as 'after (time)' or 'behind (space)' another Latin post, after, behind postoperation, postmortem: pre-denotes something as 'before' another (in [physical] position or time) Middle English pre-, from Medieval Latin pre-< (Classical) Latin prae-, before, in front of premature birth: presby-old age
Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position, office, or honour. An individual may use several different sets of post-nominal letters. Honours are listed first in descending order of precedence, followed by degrees and memberships of learned societies in ascending order.
The ante-in antecedent means 'before; in front of'. Thus, when a pro-form precedes its antecedent, the antecedent is not literally an antecedent, but rather it is a postcedent, post-meaning 'after; behind'. The following examples, wherein the pro-forms are bolded and their postcedents are underlined, illustrate this distinction:
Meaning pĚ„: after (from Latin post) [1] [letter p with a bar over it] pH Potential of Hydrogen - Acidity of a fluid P: parturition (total number of live births) phosphorus pulse [1] post P OSM: plasma osmolality PA: posterior–anterior, posteroanterior pulmonary artery [[physician assistant or associate [2]]] psoriatic arthritis primary ...
Modifiers may come either before or after the modified element (the head), depending on the type of modifier and the rules of syntax for the language in question. A modifier placed before the head is called a premodifier; one placed after the head is called a postmodifier.
Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles, designatory letters, or simply post-nominals, are letters placed after a person's name to indicate that the individual holds a position, an academic degree, accreditation, an office, a military decoration, or honour, or is a member of a religious institute or fraternity.