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Hox genes, a subset of homeobox genes, are a group of related genes that specify regions of the body plan of an embryo along the head-tail axis of animals. Hox proteins encode and specify the characteristics of 'position', ensuring that the correct structures form in the correct places of the body.
Homeobox genes encode homeodomain protein products that are transcription factors sharing a characteristic protein fold structure that binds DNA to regulate expression of target genes. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 2 ] Homeodomain proteins regulate gene expression and cell differentiation during early embryonic development, thus mutations in homeobox genes can ...
Hox genes are a subset of the homeobox genes. The Hox genes are often conserved across species, so some of the Hox genes of Drosophila are homologous to those in humans. In general, Hox genes play a role of regulating expression of genes as well as aiding in development and assignment of specific structures during embryonic growth.
Thus, the 60 amino acid DNA binding protein domain was named the homeodomain, while the 180 bp nucleotide sequence encoding it was named the homeobox. The homeobox gene clusters studied by Ed Lewis were named the Hox genes, although many more homeobox genes are encoded by animal genomes than those in the Hox gene clusters.
The anatomical boundaries of neuromeres are determined by the expression of unique genes known as Hox genes in a particular zone. The Hox genes contain the 183-bp homeobox, which encodes a particular portion of the Hox proteins called the homeodomain. The homeodomain can then bind to other portions of DNA to regulate gene expression.
10481 15408 Ensembl ENSG00000159184 ENSMUSG00000049604 UniProt Q92826 P70321 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006361 NM_008267 RefSeq (protein) NP_006352 NP_032293 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 48.72 – 48.73 Mb n/a PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Homeobox protein Hox-B13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXB13 gene. Function This gene encodes a transcription factor that belongs ...
This gene is part of the A cluster on chromosome 7 and encodes a DNA-binding transcription factor which may regulate gene expression, morphogenesis, and cellular differentiation. The homeobox protein Hox-A1 may be involved in the placement of hindbrain segments in the proper location along the anterior-posterior axis during development. [8]
Homeobox protein Hox-A7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXA7 gene. [5] [6] [7] In vertebrates, the genes encoding the class of transcription factors called homeobox genes are found in clusters named A, B, C, and D on four separate chromosomes. Expression of these proteins is spatially and temporally regulated during embryonic ...