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  2. Conjugate (acid-base theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_(acid-base_theory)

    In a buffer, a weak acid and its conjugate base (in the form of a salt), or a weak base and its conjugate acid, are used in order to limit the pH change during a titration process. Buffers have both organic and non-organic chemical applications. For example, besides buffers being used in lab processes, human blood acts as a buffer to maintain pH.

  3. Henderson–Hasselbalch equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henderson–Hasselbalch...

    A simple buffer solution consists of a solution of an acid and a salt of the conjugate base of the acid. For example, the acid may be acetic acid and the salt may be sodium acetate . The Henderson–Hasselbalch equation relates the pH of a solution containing a mixture of the two components to the acid dissociation constant , K a of the acid ...

  4. Acid strength - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_strength

    Its conjugate base is the acetate ion with K b = 10 −14 /K a = 5.7 x 10 −10 (from the relationship K a × K b = 10 −14), which certainly does not correspond to a strong base. The conjugate of a weak acid is often a weak base and vice versa .

  5. Acid–base reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidbase_reaction

    In chemistry, an acidbase reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base.It can be used to determine pH via titration.Several theoretical frameworks provide alternative conceptions of the reaction mechanisms and their application in solving related problems; these are called the acidbase theories, for example, Brønsted–Lowry acidbase theory.

  6. Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brønsted–Lowry_acid...

    H 2 O is a base because it accepts a proton from CH 3 COOH and becomes its conjugate acid, the hydronium ion, (H 3 O +). [9] The reverse of an acidbase reaction is also an acidbase reaction, between the conjugate acid of the base in the first reaction and the conjugate base of the acid.

  7. Lewis acids and bases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_acids_and_bases

    A Lewis base is often a Brønsted–Lowry base as it can donate a pair of electrons to H +; [11] the proton is a Lewis acid as it can accept a pair of electrons. The conjugate base of a Brønsted–Lowry acid is also a Lewis base as loss of H + from the acid leaves those electrons which were used for the A—H bond as a lone pair on the ...

  8. Non-nucleophilic base - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-nucleophilic_base

    A variety of amines and nitrogen heterocycles are useful bases of moderate strength (pK a of conjugate acid around 10-13) . N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA, also called Hünig's Base [1]), pK a = 10.75

  9. Buffer solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_solution

    For alkaline buffers, a strong base such as sodium hydroxide may be added. Alternatively, a buffer mixture can be made from a mixture of an acid and its conjugate base. For example, an acetate buffer can be made from a mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate. Similarly, an alkaline buffer can be made from a mixture of the base and its ...