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Early colonial defense works constructed before the 19th century were primarily small coastal batteries built of stone having anywhere from two to ten guns. Some of these early forts and batteries are the oldest standing masonry forts in the new world. Later forts constructed by the royal engineers were much larger and more complex. Fort St ...
Przemyśl fortress (Polish: Twierdza Przemyśl) is a series of fortifications around Przemyśl, Poland.It was constructed by the Austro-Hungarian Empire from the mid 19th century until the First World War in sections, depending on the diplomatic relations between Austria and the Russian Empire, and saw extensive combat during World War I. [1] Originally captured by the Russian Army, it was ...
In 1909, General Vladimir Sukhomlinov, the new War Minister for the Russian Empire, planned to demolish the western fortress system believing the forts were obsolete. Sukhomlinov's plan was overruled by a vote in the Imperial Duma , instead it was decided to strengthen and expand the system instead, and construction of the new forts was still ...
After the First World War, the Second Polish Republic refurbished parts of Osowiec and used it to house Polish army units, including the Central School of Non-Commissioned Officers of the Border Protection Corps. [9] The 135th Reserve Infantry Regiment was formed from the school after Germany invaded Poland at the beginning of the Second World ...
Military aviation units and formations in World War I (5 C, 29 P) Pages in category "Military units and formations of World War I" The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total.
Plan of the Bundesfestung Ulm. The fortress of Ulm (Bundesfestung Ulm) was one of five federal fortresses of the German Confederation around the cities of Ulm and Neu-Ulm.With its 9 km polygonal main circumvallation Ulm had the biggest fortress in Germany and Europe in the 19th century and it is still one of the biggest in Europe.
The outlines of some other star forts from the English Civil War exist. These were often built of ditches and earthen ramparts and were redoubts built to defend weak points in older fortifications such as Fort Royal Hill , Worcester, was built to defend a hill within 17th-century artillery range of the city's medieval walls.
This list of military engagements of World War I covers terrestrial, maritime, and aerial conflicts, including campaigns, operations, defensive positions, and sieges. Campaigns generally refer to broader strategic operations conducted over a large bit of territory and over a long period of time.