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Tuscan is a dialect complex composed of many local variants, with minor differences among them. The main subdivisions are between Northern Tuscan dialects, the Southern Tuscan dialects, and Corsican. The Northern Tuscan dialects are (from east to west):
Stone plaque commemorating the first Vocabolario in via Pellicceria, Florence, near the Palazzo di Parte Guelfa. In 1583 the Accademia della Crusca was founded in Florence with the aim of codifying the Tuscan dialect and producing a comprehensive dictionary, drawing mainly on the lexicon of canonical literary texts from Florentine authors of the 'golden age' in the fourteenth century, such as ...
A received pedagogical variant derived from it historically, once called la pronuncia fiorentina emendata (literally, 'the amended Florentine pronunciation'), was officially prescribed as the national language of the Kingdom of Italy, when it was established in 1861. It is the most widely spoken of the Tuscan dialects. [1]
Corsican (corsu, pronounced, or lingua corsa, pronounced [ˈliŋɡwa ˈɡorsa]) is a Romance language consisting of the continuum of the Tuscan Italo-Dalmatian dialects spoken on the Mediterranean island of Corsica, a territory of France, and in the northern regions of the island of Sardinia, an autonomous region of Italy.
Italian profanity (bestemmia, pl. bestemmie, when referred to religious topics; parolaccia, pl. parolacce, when not) are profanities that are blasphemous or inflammatory in the Italian language. The Italian language is a language with a large set of inflammatory terms and phrases, almost all of which originate from the several dialects and ...
The Tuscan gorgia (Italian: gorgia toscana [ˈɡɔrdʒa tosˈkaːna], Tuscan pronunciation: [ˈɡɔɾdʒa θosˈkaːna]; 'Tuscan throat') is a phonetic phenomenon governed by a complex of allophonic rules characteristic of the Tuscan dialects, in Tuscany, Italy, especially the central ones, with Florence traditionally viewed as the center.
Tuscan red, a color; HMS Tuscan, several ships of the Royal Navy; Tuscan, several merchant ships; Tuscan Sun Festival, a music and culture festival in Florence, Italy; Tuscan, "Tipoff US/Canada", a database of possible terrorists linked with US Terrorist Identities Datamart Environment; Tuscan, a slab serif typeface
In Tuscany (although not in standard Italian, which is derived from, but not equivalent to, Tuscan dialect), voiceless stops are typically pronounced as fricatives between vowels. [45] That is, /p t k/ → [ɸ θ h/x]: e.g. i capitani 'the captains' [iˌhaɸiˈθaːni], a phenomenon known as the gorgia toscana 'Tuscan throat'.