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  2. Retrospective cohort study - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrospective_cohort_study

    A retrospective cohort study, also called a historic cohort study, is a longitudinal cohort study used in medical and psychological research. A cohort of individuals that share a common exposure factor is compared with another group of equivalent individuals not exposed to that factor, to determine the factor's influence on the incidence of a ...

  3. Retrospective diagnosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrospective_diagnosis

    A retrospective diagnosis (also retrodiagnosis or posthumous diagnosis) is the practice of identifying an illness after the death of the patient ...

  4. Cohort study - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohort_study

    Cohort studies can be retrospective (looking back in time, thus using existing data such as medical records or claims database) or prospective (requiring the collection of new data). [3] Retrospective cohort studies restrict the investigators' ability to reduce confounding and bias because collected information is restricted to data that ...

  5. Utilization management - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilization_management

    Utilization management (UM) or utilization review is the use of managed care techniques such as prior authorization that allow payers, particularly health insurance companies, to manage the cost of health care benefits by assessing its medical appropriateness before it is provided, by using evidence-based criteria or guidelines.

  6. Retrospective - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrospective

    A retrospective (from Latin retrospectare, "look back"), generally, is a look back at events that took place, or works that were produced, in the past.As a noun, retrospective has specific meanings in software development, popular culture, and the arts.

  7. Scrum (software development) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum_(software_development)

    Large-scale scrum is an organizational system for product development that scales scrum with varied rules and guidelines, developed by Bas Vodde and Craig Larman. [ 49 ] [ 50 ] There are two levels to the framework: the first level, designed for up to eight teams; and the second level, known as 'LeSS Huge', which can accommodate development ...

  8. Drug utilization review - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_Utilization_Review

    Retrospective drug utilization review refers to drug therapy review that after patients have got the medication. [10] The retrospective drug utilization review has a typical process. [12] This is a computer based review. Computer will show data which are in violation of the standard.

  9. Intention-to-treat analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intention-to-treat_analysis

    Randomized clinical trials analyzed by the intention-to-treat (ITT) approach provide unbiased comparisons among the treatment groups. Intention to treat analyses are done to avoid the effects of crossover and dropout, which may break the random assignment to the treatment groups in a study.