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This article lists protocols, categorized by the nearest layer in the Open Systems Interconnection model.This list is not exclusive to only the OSI protocol family.Many of these protocols are originally based on the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) and other models and they often do not fit neatly into OSI layers.
Android clients running Android Pie or newer support DNS over TLS and will use it by default if the network infrastructure, for example the ISP, supports it. [13] [14]In April 2018, Google announced that Android Pie will include support for DNS over TLS, [15] allowing users to set a DNS server phone-wide on both Wi-Fi and mobile connections, an option that was historically only possible on ...
The actual data transfer process begins by the client sending a query (opcode 0) with the special query type AXFR (value 252) over the TCP connection to the server. Although DNS technically supports AXFR over User Datagram Protocol (UDP), it is considered not acceptable due to the risk of lost, or spoofed packets.
The resolver, or another DNS server acting recursively on behalf of the resolver, negotiates use of recursive service using bits in the query headers. DNS servers are not required to support recursive queries. The iterative query procedure is a process in which a DNS resolver queries a chain of one or more DNS servers. Each server refers the ...
An application may automatically determine a suitable STUN server for communications with a particular peer by querying the Domain Name System (DNS) for the stun (for UDP) or stuns (for TCP/TLS) server resource record, e.g., _stun._udp.example.com. The standard listening port number for a STUN server is 3478 for UDP and TCP, and 5349 for TLS.
In the OSI model, this function is supported by the session layer. Some transport layer protocols, for example TCP, but not UDP, support virtual circuits, i.e. provide connection-oriented communication over an underlying packet-oriented datagram network. A byte stream is delivered while hiding the packet mode communication for the application ...
Since DNS servers are connected to a network, the Network Time Protocol can provide an accurate time source. DNS updates, like queries, are normally transported via UDP since it requires lower overhead than TCP. However, DNS servers support both UDP and TCP requests.
In computer networking, the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core communication protocols of the Internet protocol suite used to send messages (transported as datagrams in packets) to other hosts on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. Within an IP network, UDP does not require prior communication to set up communication channels or ...