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The cathode reaction is: 2Na + + 2e − → 2Na (l) for an overall reaction of 2Na + + 2Cl − → 2Na (l) + Cl 2 (g) The calcium does not enter into the reaction because its reduction potential of -2.87 volts is lower than that of sodium, which is -2.38 volts. Hence the sodium ions are reduced to metallic form in preference to those of calcium ...
A gas evolution reaction is a chemical reaction in which one of the end products is a gas such as oxygen or carbon dioxide. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Gas evolution reactions may be carried out in a fume chamber when the gases produced are poisonous when inhaled or explosive.
Sodium hypochlorite solutions combined with acid evolve chlorine gas, particularly strongly at pH < 2, by the reactions: HOCl(aq) + Cl − + H + ⇌ Cl 2 (aq) + H 2 O Cl 2 (aq) ⇌ Cl 2 (g) At pH > 8, the chlorine is practically all in the form of hypochlorite anions (OCl −). The solutions are fairly stable at pH 11–12.
Sodium chloride / ˌ s oʊ d i ə m ˈ k l ɔːr aɪ d /, [8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic, and occurs as the mineral halite. In its edible form, it is commonly used as a condiment ...
Salt water chlorination is a process that uses dissolved salt (1000–4000 ppm or 1–4 g/L) for the chlorination of swimming pools and hot tubs.The chlorine generator (also known as salt cell, salt generator, salt chlorinator, or SWG) uses electrolysis in the presence of dissolved salt to produce chlorine gas or its dissolved forms, hypochlorous acid and sodium hypochlorite, which are already ...
Illustration of a redox reaction Sodium chloride is formed through the redox reaction of sodium metal and chlorine gas. Redox reactions can be understood in terms of the transfer of electrons from one involved species (reducing agent) to another (oxidizing agent). In this process, the former species is oxidized and the latter is reduced. Though ...
Chloride can be oxidized but not reduced. The first oxidation, as employed in the chlor-alkali process, is conversion to chlorine gas. Chlorine can be further oxidized to other oxides and oxyanions including hypochlorite (ClO −, the active ingredient in chlorine bleach), chlorine dioxide (ClO 2), chlorate (ClO − 3), and perchlorate (ClO − 4).
The Deacon process, invented by Henry Deacon, is a process used during the manufacture of alkalis (the initial end product was sodium carbonate) by the Leblanc process. Hydrogen chloride gas was converted to chlorine gas, which was then used to manufacture a commercially valuable bleaching powder , and at the same time the emission of waste ...