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Drowning is a type of suffocation induced by the submersion of the mouth and nose in a liquid. Submersion injury refers to both drowning and near-miss incident. Most instances of fatal drowning occur alone or in situations where others present are either unaware of the victim's situation or unable to offer assistance.
While distress and panic may sometimes take place beforehand, drowning itself is quick and often silent. [1] [2] A person close to the point of drowning is unable to keep their mouth above water long enough to breathe properly and is unable to shout. Lacking air, their body cannot perform the voluntary efforts involved in waving or seeking ...
A form of torture similar to waterboarding is called toca, and more recently "Spanish water torture", to differentiate it from the better known Chinese water torture, along with garrucha (or strappado) and the most frequently used potro (or the rack). This was used infrequently during the trial portion of the Spanish Inquisition process.
Chinese water torture, or use of a dripping machine, [1] is a mentally painful process in which cold water is slowly dripped onto the scalp, forehead or face for a prolonged period of time. [1] The process causes fear and mental deterioration of the subject.
Removal from water [9] immediately reverses the hydrostatic effect of immersion and reduces negative filling pressures and kept still, sitting in an upright position if they are conscious, which minimises exertion while encouraging return of fluids to the lower extremities. [3] Observation [9] Kept warm, to reduce peripheral vasoconstriction [3]
A hypnic jerk, hypnagogic jerk, sleep start, sleep twitch, myoclonic jerk, or night start is a brief and sudden involuntary contraction of the muscles of the body which occurs when a person is beginning to fall asleep, often causing the person to jump and awaken suddenly for a moment.
The drop in blood pressure may be sudden (vasovagal orthostatic hypotension), within 3 minutes (classic orthostatic hypotension) or gradual (delayed orthostatic hypotension). [4] It is defined as a fall in systolic blood pressure of at least 20 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of at least 10 mmHg after 3 minutes of standing.
Running water may refer to Tap water, water supplied through a tap, a water dispenser valve. Water that flows in a stream, such as a river, creek or spring