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A level crossing is an intersection where a railway line crosses a road, path, or (in rare situations) airport runway, at the same level, [1] as opposed to the railway line or the road etc. crossing over or under using an overpass or tunnel.
To mitigate investment costs, the Rotterdam Metro, basically a third-rail-powered system, has been given some outlying branches built on surface tracks as light rail (called sneltram in Dutch), with numerous level crossings protected with barriers and traffic lights. These branches have overhead wires.
Level crossing signals are electronic warning devices for road vehicles at railroad level crossings. Level crossings can be operated in various ways. In some countries such as the UK, the warning devices are more often than not activated by remote control, I.e. an operator pressing buttons. However, the majority of countries have automated systems.
As traffic on the road crossing or the rail crossing increases, safety features are increased accordingly. More heavily trafficked crossings have "automatic warning devices" (AWDs), with alternately flashing red lights to warn automobile drivers and a bell to warn pedestrians.
Network Rail is pursuing a policy of closing level crossings at the rate of over 100 a year in the interests of safety, and replacing them with road bridges or footbridges. [22] The number of level crossings on rail lines controlled by Network Rail went from 7,937 in 2003–04 [23] to 6,322 in 2013–14, [24] and 5,887 by 2016–17. [25]
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The energized third rail powers the trains and carries 750 volts of electricity, and any contact with the third rail “poses an immediate fatality risk, ” HART said in the release.
A level junction (or in the United Kingdom a flat crossing) is a railway junction that has a track configuration in which merging or crossing railroad lines provide track connections with each other that require trains to cross over in front of opposing traffic at grade (i.e. on the level).