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Historically A-diaeresis was written as an A with two dots above the letter. A-umlaut was written as an A with a small e written above (Aͤ aͤ): this minute e degenerated to two vertical bars in medieval handwriting (A̎ a̎). In most later handwritings these bars in turn nearly became dots.
ANSI Standard Paper Sizes ANSI Paper Size Width x Height (mm) Width x Height (in) Aspect Ratio Closest ISO Size A 216 x 279 8.5 x 11.0 1:1.2941 A4 B 279 x 432 11.0 x 17.0 1:1.5455 A3 C 432 x 559 17.0 x 22.0 1:1.2941 A2 D 559 x 864 22.0 x 34.0 1:1.5455 A1 E 864 x 1118 34.0 x 44.0 1:1.2941 A0
Umlaut (/ ˈ ʊ m l aʊ t /) is a name for the two dots diacritical mark ( ̈) as used to indicate in writing (as part of the letters ä , ö , and ü ) the result of the historical sound shift due to which former back vowels are now pronounced as front vowels (for example , , and as , , and ).
The precise origins of the dimensions of US letter-size paper (8.5 × 11 in) are not known. The American Forest & Paper Association says that the standard US dimensions have their origin in the days of manual papermaking, the 11-inch length of the standard paper being about a quarter of "the average maximum stretch of an experienced vatman's arms". [2]
Small capital G with dot above: ɢ̣: Small capital G with dot below: ʛ 𐞔 Small capital G with hook: Voiced uvular implosive; Superscript form is an IPA superscript letter [7] Ɣ̓ ɣ̓: Gamma with comma above: Thompson: H̀ h̀: H with grave: Greek transliteration H́ h́: H with acute
It has the height of Canadian P4 paper (215 mm × 280 mm, about 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 11 in) and the width of international A4 paper (210 mm × 297 mm or 8.27 in × 11.69 in), i.e. it uses the smaller value among the two for each side. The table shows how this format can be generalized into an entire format series.
Diaeresis [a] (/ d aɪ ˈ ɛr ə s ɪ s,-ˈ ɪər-/ dy-ERR-ə-siss, - EER-) [1] is a diacritical mark consisting of two dots ( ̈) that indicates that two adjacent vowel letters are separate syllables – a vowel hiatus (also called a diaeresis) – rather than a digraph or diphthong.
In most later handwritings these bars in turn nearly became dots. The origin of the letter ö was a similar ligature for the digraph OE: e was written above o and degenerated into two small dots. [citation needed] In some inscriptions and display typefaces, ö may be represented as an o with a small letter e inside.