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The International Studies of Infarct Survival (ISIS) were four randomized controlled trials of several drugs for treating suspected acute myocardial infarction ("heart attack"). More than 134,000 patients from over 20 countries took part in four large simple trials between 1981 and 1993, coordinated from Oxford, England. [1] [2]
Beta blockers are indicated for the treatment of acute myocardial infarctions. During a myocardial infarction, systemic stress causes an increase in circulating catecholamines. [22] [23] This results an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, therefore increasing myocardial oxygen demand.
Beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors can inhibit and potentially reverse the negative cardiac remodeling, which refers to structural changes in the heart, that occurs in TIC. However, the need to continue these agents after treatment of the tacharrhythmia and resolution of left ventricular systolic dysfunction remains controversial.
Class Ib drugs shorten the action potential of myocardial cell and has a weak effect on the initiation of phase 0 of depolarization Treat and prevent ventricular arrhythmia during and immediately after myocardial infarction, though this is now discouraged given the increased risk of asystole; Ic Encainide; Flecainide; Moricizine; Propafenone
Metoprolol is used for a number of conditions, including angina, acute myocardial infarction, high blood pressure, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, congestive heart failure, and prevention of migraine headaches. [4] It is an adjunct in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. [17]
Myocardial infarction; Other names: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart attack: A myocardial infarction occurs when an atherosclerotic plaque slowly builds up in the inner lining of a coronary artery and then suddenly ruptures, causing catastrophic thrombus formation, totally occluding the artery and preventing blood flow downstream to the heart muscle.
Myocardial infarction (heart attack) Since beta 1 receptor are mainly located in the heart, most beta 1 blockers take abnormalities associated with the heart as the target. [5] It treats medical conditions like hypertension, arrhythmias, heart failure, chest pain, myocardial infarction.
At least 10% of patients with STEMI do not develop myocardial necrosis (as evidenced by a rise in cardiac markers) and subsequent Q waves on EKG after reperfusion therapy. Such a successful restoration of flow to the infarct-related artery during an acute myocardial infarction is known as "aborting" the myocardial infarction.