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Anti-Muslim and racist slur directed at Muslims in North America, United Kingdom and India for their extremely dark, "shit-coloured" skin-complexions. [98] Paki: United Kingdom, Canada Pakistanis and Muslims in general Short for Pakistanis, word is now used as in extension as a slur to refer to all Muslims in the UK and Canada. [99] Terrorist ...
In modern times, kafir is sometimes applied to self-professed Muslims, [17] [18] [19] particularly by members of Islamist movements. [20] The act of declaring another self-professed Muslim a kafir is known as takfir , [ 21 ] a practice that has been condemned but also employed in theological and political polemics over the centuries.
Throughout the history of Islam, Islamic denominations and movements such as Shīʿa Muslims and the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community have been accused of takfīr and labeled as kuffār ("unbelievers") by Sunnī Muslims, becoming victims of religious discrimination, violence, and persecution perpetrated against them over the centuries.
Infidel is an ecclesiastical term in Christianity around which the Church developed a body of theology that deals with the concept of infidelity, which makes a clear differentiation between those who were baptized and followed the teachings of the Church versus those who are outside the faith. [3]
"Whoever says: 'I do not know why God mentioned this or that in the Quran' is an unbeliever (karfara)" "Whoever deliberately prays in a direction other than Mecca (al-qibla), is an unbeliever" "When someone returns from a scholarly gathering (majlis al-'il) and another one says: 'that man came back from church', that person is an unbeliever"
The Church's relationship with the Muslims. "The plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator, in the first place amongst whom are the Muslims; these profess to hold the faith of Abraham, and together with us they adore the one, merciful God, mankind's judge on the last day."
In the early days of Islam in Mecca, the new Muslims were often subjected to abuse and persecution by the pagan Meccans (often called Mushrikin: the unbelievers or polytheists). Some were killed, such as Sumayya, the seventh convert to Islam, who was allegedly tortured first by Amr ibn Hisham. [1]
Islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation.. However, in the modern contexts of Muslim minorities in non-Muslim countries as well as secularised Muslim states like Turkey, and Bangladesh, the religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal sha