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The cost of sequencing a human genome is dropping rapidly, due to the continual development of new, faster, cheaper DNA sequencing technologies such as "next-generation DNA sequencing". The National Human Genome Research Institute, an arm of the U.S. National Institutes of Health , has reported that the cost to sequence a whole human-sized ...
The $1,000 genome refers to an era of predictive and personalized medicine during which the cost of fully sequencing an individual's genome is roughly one thousand USD. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is also the title of a book by British science writer and founding editor of Nature Genetics , Kevin Davies. [ 3 ]
Genome sequencing became more cost-effective over time, and made it applicable in the medical field, allowing scientists to understand which genes are attributed to specific diseases. Personalized medicine is an emerging practice in medicine that develops patient-specific treatments based on an individual's genetic profile.
The term was coined by The Economist [3] and is named after author Rob Carlson. [1]Carlson curves illustrate the rapid (in some cases above exponential growth) decreases in cost, and increases in performance, of a variety of technologies, including DNA sequencing, DNA synthesis and a range of physical and computational tools used in protein production and in determining protein structures.
In June 2009, Illumina announced that they were launching their own Personal Full Genome Sequencing Service at a depth of 30× for $48,000 per genome. [60] [61] In August, the founder of Helicos Biosciences, Stephen Quake, stated that using the company's Single Molecule Sequencer he sequenced his own full genome for less than $50,000. [62]
Veritas Genetics is a personal genomics startup based in Danvers, Massachusetts. [1] According to the company's press release, it was among the first companies to offer whole genome sequencing and interpretation for under $1,000. [2] It was co-founded in 2014 by George M. Church, Mirza Cifric, Preston Estep, and Jonathan Zhao. [3]
By 2003, the Human Genome Project's shotgun sequencing methods had been used to produce a draft sequence of the human genome; it had a 92% accuracy. [60] [61] [62] In 2022, scientists successfully sequenced the last 8% of the human genome. The fully sequenced standard reference gene is called GRCh38.p14, and it contains 3.1 billion base pairs ...
Celera Corporation is a subsidiary of Quest Diagnostics which focuses on genetic sequencing and related technologies. It was founded in 1998 as a business unit of Applera , spun off into an independent company in 2008, and finally acquired by Quest Diagnostics in 2011.
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