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  2. Mathematical coincidence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_coincidence

    Mathematical coincidence. A mathematical coincidence is said to occur when two expressions with no direct relationship show a near-equality which has no apparent theoretical explanation. For example, there is a near-equality close to the round number 1000 between powers of 2 and powers of 10: Some mathematical coincidences are used in ...

  3. Quantile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantile

    The third value in the population is 7. 7 Second quartile The second quartile value (same as the median) is determined by 11×(2/4) = 5.5, which rounds up to 6. Therefore, 6 is the rank in the population (from least to greatest values) at which approximately 2/4 of the values are less than the value of the second quartile (or median).

  4. Golden ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_ratio

    The golden ratio is also an algebraic number and even an algebraic integer. It has minimal polynomial. This quadratic polynomial has two roots, and. The golden ratio is also closely related to the polynomial. which has roots and As the root of a quadratic polynomial, the golden ratio is a constructible number.

  5. Rational number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_number

    In mathematics, a rational number is a number that can be expressed as the quotient or fraction ⁠ ⁠ of two integers, a numerator p and a non-zero denominator q. [1] For example, ⁠ ⁠ is a rational number, as is every integer (e.g., ). The set of all rational numbers, also referred to as " the rationals ", [2] the field of rationals[3] or ...

  6. Fixed-point arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_arithmetic

    A fixed-point representation of a fractional number is essentially an integer that is to be implicitly multiplied by a fixed scaling factor. For example, the value 1.23 can be stored in a variable as the integer value 1230 with implicit scaling factor of 1/1000 (meaning that the last 3 decimal digits are implicitly assumed to be a decimal fraction), and the value 1 230 000 can be represented ...

  7. Rate (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, a rate is the quotient of two quantities in different units of measurement, often represented as a fraction. [1] If the divisor (or fraction denominator) in the rate is equal to one expressed as a single unit, and if it is assumed that this quantity can be changed systematically (i.e., is an independent variable), then the dividend (the fraction numerator) of the rate expresses ...

  8. Harmonic series (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_series_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, the harmonic series is the infinite series formed by summing all positive unit fractions: The first terms of the series sum to approximately , where is the natural logarithm and is the Euler–Mascheroni constant. Because the logarithm has arbitrarily large values, the harmonic series does not have a finite limit: it is a ...

  9. Fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction

    A simple fraction (also known as a common fraction or vulgar fraction, where vulgar is Latin for "common") is a rational number written as a / b or ⁠ ⁠, where a and b are both integers. [9] As with other fractions, the denominator (b) cannot be zero. Examples include ⁠ 1 2 ⁠, − ⁠ 8 5 ⁠, ⁠ −8 5 ⁠, and ⁠ 8 −5 ⁠.