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The internal structure of the database should be unaffected by changes to the physical aspects of the storage: For example, a changeover to a new disk. The three levels are: External Level (User Views): A user's view of the database describes a part of the database that is relevant to a particular user. It excludes irrelevant data as well as ...
In computing, a database is an organized collection of data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system (DBMS), the software that interacts with end users, applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze the data. The DBMS additionally encompasses the core facilities provided to administer the database.
As "application" is short for "application program", "database application" is short for "database application program". Not every program that uses a database would typically be considered a "database application". For example, many physics experiments, e.g., the Large Hadron Collider, [5] generate massive data sets that programs subsequently ...
Even an extreme database-centric architecture called RDBMS-only architecture [6] [7] has been proposed, in which the three classic layers of an application are kept within the RDBMS. This architecture heavily uses the DBPL (Database Programming Language) of the RDBMS. An example of software with this architecture is Oracle Application Express ...
The notion of a three-schema model was first introduced in 1975 by the ANSI/X3/SPARC three level architecture, which determined three levels to model data. [1]The three-schema approach, or three-schema concept, in software engineering is an approach to building information systems and systems information management that originated in the 1970s.
In software architecture, these attributed are known as "architectural characteristic" or non-functional requirements. Note that it's software architects' responsibility to match these attributes with business requirements and user requirements. Note that synchronous communication between software architectural components, entangles them and ...
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A document-oriented database provides APIs or a query/update language that exposes the ability to query or update based on the internal structure in the document. This difference may be minor for users that do not need richer query, retrieval, or editing APIs that are typically provided by document databases.