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State-based CRDTs (also called convergent replicated data types, or CvRDTs) are defined by two types, a type for local states and a type for actions on the state, together with three functions: A function to produce an initial state, a merge function of states, and a function to apply an action to update a state.
Raft uses a randomized election timeout to ensure that split vote problems are resolved quickly. This should reduce the chance of a split vote because servers won't become candidates at the same time: a single server will time out, win the election, then become leader and send heartbeat messages to other servers before any of the followers can ...
Clients C 1 and C 4 independently pick the same random subset of four sites {S 2, S 5, S 6, S 10} from among the twelve options S 1, S 2, ..., S 12, for placing replicas or shares of object O. Rendezvous or highest random weight (HRW) hashing [ 1 ] [ 2 ] is an algorithm that allows clients to achieve distributed agreement on a set of k ...
Apache Kafka is a distributed event store and stream-processing platform. It is an open-source system developed by the Apache Software Foundation written in Java and Scala.The project aims to provide a unified, high-throughput, low-latency platform for handling real-time data feeds.
This problem becomes difficult when the participants or their communications may experience failures. [1] Consensus protocols are the basis for the state machine replication approach to distributed computing, as suggested by Leslie Lamport [2] and surveyed by Fred Schneider. [3]
Eventual consistency, also called optimistic replication, [2] is widely deployed in distributed systems and has origins in early mobile computing projects. [3] A system that has achieved eventual consistency is often said to have converged , or achieved replica convergence . [ 4 ]
In computer science, the dining philosophers problem is an example problem often used in concurrent algorithm design to illustrate synchronization issues and techniques for resolving them. It was originally formulated in 1965 by Edsger Dijkstra as a student exam exercise, presented in terms of computers competing for access to tape drive ...
The commit-request phase (or voting phase), in which a coordinator process attempts to prepare all the transaction's participating processes (named participants, cohorts, or workers) to take the necessary steps for either committing or aborting the transaction and to vote, either "Yes": commit (if the transaction participant's local portion ...