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Social monogamy in mammals is defined as sexually mature adult organisms living in pairs. [1] While there are many definitions of social monogamy, this social organization can be found in invertebrates, reptiles and amphibians, fish, birds, mammals, and humans. [2]
The amount of social monogamy in animals varies across taxa, with over 90% of birds engaging in social monogamy while only 3–9% of mammals are known to do the same. [6] [29] [30] This list is not complete. Other factors may also contribute to the evolution of social monogamy.
Close to ninety percent [3] of known avian species are monogamous, compared to five percent of known mammalian species.The majority of monogamous avians form long-term pair bonds which typically result in seasonal mating: these species breed with a single partner, raise their young, and then pair up with a new mate to repeat the cycle during the next season.
In plover populations, polygamous species tend to speciate more slowly than monogamous species do. This is likely because polygamous animals tend to move larger distances to find mates, contributing to a high level of gene flow , which can genetically homogenize many nearby subpopulations.
The cichlid social dichotomy is composed of a single dominant with multiple subordinates, where the physical aggression of males becomes a contest for resources [32] (mates, territory, food). Female cichlids prefer to mate with a successfully alpha male with vivid coloration, whose territory has food readily available.
The extent to which social monogamy is observed in animals varies across taxa, with over 90 percent of avian species being socially monogamous, compared to only 3 percent of mammalian species and up to 15 percent of primate species. [133] [134] Social monogamy has also been observed in reptiles, fish, and insects. [citation needed]
In mammals, interaction between the sexes is usually limited to the female estrous or copulation. However, in non-human primates, these male-female bonds persist past the estrous. Social relationships between males and females in primates are hypothesized to serve as protection against male infanticide. [16]
This list may not reflect recent changes. ... Social monogamy in mammalian species This page was last edited on 31 August 2020, at 00:55 (UTC). ...