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Protamine sulfate is a medication that is used to reverse the effects of heparin. [3] It is specifically used in heparin overdose, in low molecular weight heparin overdose, and to reverse the effects of heparin during delivery and heart surgery. [3] [4] It is given by injection into a vein. [3] The onset of effects is typically within five ...
Adverse effects include increased pulmonary artery pressure and decrease peripheral blood pressure, myocardial oxygen consumption, cardiac output, and heart rate. [9] Protamine sulfate is an antidote for heparin overdose, but severe allergy may occur. [10]
Smaller risk of osteoporosis in long-term use. Smaller risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, a potential side effect of heparin. Hepatin's anticoagulant effects are typically reversible with protamine sulfate, while protamine's effect on LMWH is limited. LMWH has less of an effect on thrombin than heparin, but about the same effect on ...
Protamine sulfate has been given to counteract the anticoagulant effect of heparin (1 mg per 100 units of heparin that had been given over the past 6 hours). [34] It may be used in those who overdose on heparin or to reverse heparin's effect when it is no longer needed.
Protamine sulfate [51] Table 1: antidotes for cardiovascular agent overdose For patients taking antihyperlipidemic agents, liver function tests have to be conducted before and during the therapy to monitor the elevation of liver enzymes which may result in hepatotoxicity , especially for those undergoing statin therapy . [ 52 ]
Because protamine is a fast-acting drug, it is typically given slowly to allow for monitoring of possible reactions. [12] The first step in management of a protamine reaction is to immediately stop the protamine infusion. Corticosteroids are used for all types of protamine reactions. Chlorphenamine is used for type II (anaphylactic) reactions ...
Common side effects include bleeding, fever, and swelling of the legs. [11] Bleeding may be serious especially in those who are undergoing a spinal tap. [11] Use during pregnancy appears to be safe for the baby. [11] Enoxaparin is in the low molecular weight heparin family of medications. [11]
This crisis may be masked by the concomitant use of atropine along with cholinesterase inhibitor medication in order to prevent side effects. Flaccid paralysis resulting from cholinergic crisis can be distinguished from myasthenia gravis by the use of the drug edrophonium (Tensilon), as it only worsens the paralysis caused by cholinergic crisis ...