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[20] [21] It has been used in water, oil, and acrylic paints from paint vendors. The name "YInMn" comes from the chemical symbols for yttrium, indium and manganese. The intense blue color can be varied by adjusting the indium : manganese ratio. A range of novel green, purple, and orange pigments have been produced. [22] [23] [24]
The different ultramarines—green, blue, red, and violet—are finely ground and washed with water. [21] Synthetic ultramarine is a more vivid blue than natural ultramarine, since the particles in synthetic ultramarine are smaller and more uniform than the particles in natural ultramarine and therefore diffuse light more evenly. [23]
YInMn Blue is chemically stable, does not fade, and is non-toxic. It is more durable than alternative blue pigments such as ultramarine or Prussian blue, retaining its vibrant color in oil and water, and is safer than cobalt blue, which is a suspected carcinogen and may cause cobalt poisoning. [26]
International Klein Blue (IKB) is a deep blue hue first mixed by French artist Yves Klein. IKB's visual impact comes from its heavy reliance on ultramarine, as well as Klein's often thick and textured application of paint to canvas. IKB 191 (1962), one of a number of works Klein painted with International Klein Blue
Payne's grey is a dark blue-grey colour used in painting. Originally a mixture of iron blue (Prussian blue), yellow ochre and crimson lake, [3] Payne's grey now is often a mixture of blue (ultramarine, phthalocyanine, or indigo) and black, [4] [5] or of ultramarine and burnt sienna.
This tradition can trace its origin to the Byzantine Empire, from c. AD 500, when blue was "the color of an empress". A more practical explanation for the use of this color is that in Medieval and Renaissance Europe, the blue pigment was derived from the rock lapis lazuli, a stone imported from Afghanistan of greater value than gold. Beyond a ...
Blue is traditionally associated with the sea and the sky, with infinity and distance. The uniforms of sailors are usually dark blue, those of air forces lighter blue. The expression "The wild blue yonder" in the official song of the US Air Force refers to the sky. [103] Blue is associated with cold water taps which are traditionally marked ...
Early humans used paint for aesthetic purposes such as body decoration. Pigments and paint grinding equipment believed to be between 350,000 and 400,000 years old have been reported in a cave at Twin Rivers, near Lusaka, Zambia. Ochre, iron oxide, was the first color of paint. [7] A favored blue pigment was derived from lapis lazuli. Pigments ...