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The similarity is a function such that its value is greater when two points are closer (contrary to the distance, which is a measure of dissimilarity: the closer the points, the lesser the distance). The definition of the similarity can vary among authors, depending on which properties are desired. The basic common properties are Positive defined:
In geometry, a parallelepiped is a three-dimensional figure formed by six parallelograms (the term rhomboid is also sometimes used with this meaning). By analogy, it relates to a parallelogram just as a cube relates to a square. [a] Three equivalent definitions of parallelepiped are a hexahedron with three pairs of parallel faces,
Opposite sides of a parallelogram are parallel (by definition) and so will never intersect. The area of a parallelogram is twice the area of a triangle created by one of its diagonals. The area of a parallelogram is also equal to the magnitude of the vector cross product of two adjacent sides.
A metaphor based around the geometry of a gnomon plays an important role in the literary analysis of James Joyce's Dubliners, involving both a play on words between "paralysis" and "parallelogram", and the geometric meaning of a gnomon as something fragmentary, diminished from its completed shape. [6] [7] [8] [9]
3. Between two groups, may mean that the second one is a proper subgroup of the first one. ≤ 1. Means "less than or equal to". That is, whatever A and B are, A ≤ B is equivalent to A < B or A = B. 2. Between two groups, may mean that the first one is a subgroup of the second one. ≥ 1. Means "greater than or equal to".
The similarity-based [4] virtual screening (a kind of ligand-based virtual screening) assumes that all compounds in a database that are similar to a query compound have similar biological activity. Although this hypothesis is not always valid, [ 5 ] quite often the set of retrieved compounds is considerably enriched with actives. [ 6 ]
Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...
Traditionally, in two-dimensional geometry, a rhomboid is a parallelogram in which adjacent sides are of unequal lengths and angles are non-right angled.. The terms "rhomboid" and "parallelogram" are often erroneously conflated with each other (i.e, when most people refer to a "parallelogram" they almost always mean a rhomboid, a specific subtype of parallelogram); however, while all rhomboids ...