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Ethylene glycol ethers are part of brake fluids, detergents, solvents, lacquers, and paints. Ethanolamines are used in the manufacture of soap and detergents and for purification of natural gas. Ethoxylates are reaction products of ethylene oxide with higher alcohols, acids, or amines.
In organic chemistry, ethoxylation is a chemical reaction in which ethylene oxide (C 2 H 4 O) adds to a substrate. It is the most widely practiced alkoxylation, which involves the addition of epoxides to substrates. In the usual application, alcohols and phenols are converted into R(OC 2 H 4) n OH, where n ranges from 1 to 10. Such compounds ...
Triethanolamine is produced from the reaction of ethylene oxide with aqueous ammonia, also produced are ethanolamine and diethanolamine. The ratio of the products can be controlled by changing the stoichiometry of the reactants. [4]
For example ethylene oxide polymerizes to give polyethylene glycol, also known as polyethylene oxide. The reaction of an alcohol or a phenol with ethylene oxide, ethoxylation, is widely used to produce surfactants: [28] ROH + n C 2 H 4 O → R(OC 2 H 4) n OH. With anhydrides, epoxides give polyesters. [29]
Alkoxylation is a chemical reaction that involves the addition of an epoxide to another compound. The usual manifestation of this reaction is ethoxylation of alcohols (ROH), in which case ethylene oxide is the alkoxylating agent: ROH + C 2 H 4 O → ROCH 2 CH 2 OH. Another industrially significant epoxide is propylene oxide (PO, OCH 2 CHCH 3 ...
The reaction of ethylene oxide with aqueous ammonia first produces ethanolamine: C 2 H 4 O + NH 3 → H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 OH. which reacts with a second and third equivalent of ethylene oxide to give DEA and triethanolamine: C 2 H 4 O + H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 OH → HN(CH 2 CH 2 OH) 2 C 2 H 4 O + HN(CH 2 CH 2 OH) 2 → N(CH 2 CH 2 OH) 3. About 300M kg are ...
ethylene: epoxidation: mixed Ag oxides (heterogeneous) ethylene oxide: basic chemicals, surfactants cyclohexane: K-A process: Co and Mn salts (homogeneous) cyclohexanol cyclohexanone: nylon precursor ethylene: Wacker process: Pd and Cu salts (homogeneous) acetaldehyde: basic chemicals para-xylene: terephthalic acid synthesis: Mn and Co salts ...
Sodium 2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate is formed by the reaction of ethylene oxide with sodium hydrogen sulfite in aqueous solution: . To avoid contamination and suppress the formation of by-products (which are difficult to remove) the reaction must be performed under careful control of mass ratios and process conditions. [2]