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Testosterone cypionate is a testosterone ester and a long-lasting prodrug of testosterone in the body. [7] [2] [3] Because of this, it is considered to be a natural and bioidentical form of testosterone. [14] Testosterone cypionate was introduced for medical use in 1951.
A vial of injectable testosterone cypionate. There are four common forms in which AAS are administered: oral pills; injectable steroids; creams/gels for topical application; and skin patches. Oral administration is the most convenient.
Testosterone levels in males and females Total testosterone Stage Age range Male Female Values ... Adult: ≥18 years: 350–1080 ng/dL* 12.15–37.48 nmol/L* ...
Testosterone esters were synthesized for the first time in 1936, and were found to have greatly improved potency relative to testosterone. [12] Among the esters synthesized, testosterone propionate was the most potent, and for this reason, was selected for further development, subsequently being marketed. [ 12 ]
As of 2016, the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male defines late-onset hypogonadism as a series of symptoms in older adults related to testosterone deficiency that combines features of both primary and secondary hypogonadism; the European Male Aging Study (a prospective study of ~3000 men) [10] defined the condition by the presence of at least three sexual symptoms (e.g ...
Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males. [3] In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testicles and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair.
Testosterone cypionate and testosterone enanthate were formerly available in combination with estradiol cypionate and estradiol valerate, respectively, under the brand names Depo-Testadiol and Ditate-DS, respectively, as oil solutions for intramuscular injection, but these formulations have been discontinued.
Testosterone undecanoate is a testosterone ester and a prodrug of testosterone in the body. [10] [9] [7] Because of this, it is considered to be a natural and bioidentical form of testosterone. [17] Testosterone undecanoate was introduced in China for use by injection and in the European Union for use by mouth in the 1970s.