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4 bits – (a.k.a. tetrad(e), nibble, quadbit, semioctet, or halfbyte) the size of a hexadecimal digit; decimal digits in binary-coded decimal form 5 bits – the size of code points in the Baudot code, used in telex communication (a.k.a. pentad) 6 bits – the size of code points in Univac Fieldata, in IBM "BCD" format, and in Braille. Enough ...
Similarly, the most significant bit (MSb) represents the highest-order place of the binary integer. The LSb is sometimes referred to as the low-order bit or right-most bit, due to the convention in positional notation of writing less significant digits further to the right. The MSb is similarly referred to as the high-order bit or left-most bit.
The red subset = {1,2,3,4} has two maximal elements, viz. 3 and 4, and one minimal element, viz. 1, which is also its least element. In mathematics , especially in order theory , a maximal element of a subset S {\displaystyle S} of some preordered set is an element of S {\displaystyle S} that is not smaller than any other element in S ...
In a partially ordered set there may be some elements that play a special role. The most basic example is given by the least element of a poset. For example, 1 is the least element of the positive integers and the empty set is the least set under the subset order. Formally, an element m is a least element if: m ≤ a, for all elements a of the ...
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It can be a simplification, in terms of notation if nothing more, to concentrate on one "half" — say, the lower one — and call any downward-closed set A without greatest element a "Dedekind cut". If the ordered set S is complete, then, for every Dedekind cut ( A , B ) of S , the set B must have a minimal element b , hence we must have that ...
By the well-ordering principle, has a minimum element such that when =, the equation is false, but true for all positive integers less than . The equation is true for n = 1 {\displaystyle n=1} , so c > 1 {\displaystyle c>1} ; c − 1 {\displaystyle c-1} is a positive integer less than c {\displaystyle c} , so the equation holds for c − 1 ...
The greatest common divisor g of a and b is the unique (positive) common divisor of a and b that is divisible by any other common divisor c. [6] The greatest common divisor can be visualized as follows. [7] Consider a rectangular area a by b, and any common divisor c that divides both a and b exactly.