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A unitary parliamentary republic is a type of unitary state with a republican form of government in which political authority is entrusted to the parliament by multiple constituencies throughout a country. In this system, voters elect members of parliament, who then make legislative decisions on behalf of their constituents.
A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament). There are a number of variations of parliamentary republics.
The French then later spread unitary states by conquests, throughout Europe during and after the Napoleonic Wars, and to the world through the vast French colonial empire. [1] Presently, prefects remain an illustration of the French unitary state system, as the representatives of the State in each department , tasked with upholding central ...
Nearly all modern Western-style democracies function as some type of representative democracy: for example, the United Kingdom (a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy), Germany (a federal parliamentary republic), France (a unitary semi-presidential republic), and the United States (a federal presidential republic). [2]
A republic, based on the Latin phrase res publica ('public affair' or 'people's affair'), is a state in which political power rests with the public through their representatives—in contrast to a monarchy.
Italy has been a unitary parliamentary republic since 1946, when the monarchy was abolished. The president of Italy , Sergio Mattarella since 2015, is Italy's head of state. The president is elected for a single seven-year term by the Italian Parliament and regional voters in joint session.
A common simplified definition of a republic is a government where the head of state is not a monarch. [ 37 ] [ 38 ] Montesquieu included both democracies , where all the people have a share in rule, and aristocracies or oligarchies , where only some of the people rule, as republican forms of government.
There are three types of government systems in European politics: in a presidential system, the president is the head of state and the head of government; in a semi-presidential system, the president and the prime minister share a number of competences; finally, in a parliamentary republic, the president is a ceremonial figurehead who has few political competences.