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A volcanic arc (also known as a magmatic arc [1]: 6.2 ) is a belt of volcanoes formed above a subducting oceanic tectonic plate, [2] with the belt arranged in an arc shape as seen from above. Volcanic arcs typically parallel an oceanic trench , with the arc located further from the subducting plate than the trench.
Andesite and basaltic andesite are the most abundant volcanic rock in island arc which is indicative of the calc-alkaline magmas. Some Island arcs have distributed volcanic series as can be seen in the Japanese island arc system where the volcanic rocks change from tholeiite—calc-alkaline—alkaline with increasing distance from the trench. [15]
Between 625 and 550 Ma, a subduction zone initiated in the Paleoasian Ocean between Baltica and Gondwana. The subduction produced a string of volcanic island arcs off the coast of Gondwana, including the Carolina Terrane, Avalonia microcontinent, and Gander Terrane. [7] It is unclear whether the arc formed on oceanic or continental crust. [5]
The Aleutian Arc is a large volcanic arc of islands extending from the Southwest tip of the U.S. state of Alaska to the Kamchatka Peninsula of the Russian Federation. It consists of a number of active and dormant volcanoes that have formed as a result of the subduction of the Pacific plate beneath the North American plate along the Aleutian ...
One of the most noted volcanic eruptions from this arc occurred on the island of Santorini in the 2nd millennium BC; during the catastrophic volcanic eruption of Santorini, the Bronze Age city of Akrotiri was destroyed, with archaeological remains becoming well preserved under the volcanic ash. [3]
The ancient Nicaraguan arc comprises a Cretaceous-Eocene ancient arc (~130-50 Ma), an Oligocene-Miocene arc (~30-5 Ma) and the Recent volcanic front. [5] The ancient arc has a more acidic calc-alkaline composition, wheres the Oligocene-Miocene arc is transitional towards basaltic tholeiiic composition, and the volcanic front is mostly basaltic ...
Mount Fuji is at the point where these three arcs meet. To the north, the Northeastern Japan arc extends through the Oshima Peninsula of HokkaidÅ. The arc converges in a collision zone with the Sakhalin Island Arc and the Kuril Island Arc in the volcanic Ishikari Mountains of central HokkaidÅ.
A volcanic arc is a chain of volcanic islands or mountains located near the edge of continents that are formed as the result of tectonic plate subduction. Subcategories This category has the following 7 subcategories, out of 7 total.