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Hamas was established in 1987, and allegedly has its origins in Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood movement, which had been active in the Gaza Strip since the 1950s and gained influence through a network of mosques and various charitable and social organizations.
The Hamas Shura Council (Arabic: Majlis al-Shura) is Hamas' main consultative body, with nearly 60 members, most in Gaza, [38] and the main body that governs Hamas. It is modeled after the Quranic idea of shura , or popular assembly , which Hamas officials claim allows for democracy within an Islamic framework .
An armed conflict between Israel and Hamas-led Palestinian militant groups [ad] has been taking place in the Gaza Strip and Israel since 7 October 2023. It is the fifth war of the Gaza–Israel conflict since 2008, and the most significant military engagement in the region since the Yom Kippur War in 1973. [143]
The history of Hamas is an account of the Palestinian nationalist and Islamist [1] – described by some as fundamentalist [2] – socio-political organization with an associated paramilitary force, the Ezzedeen al-Qassam Brigades.
Hamas also allowed Palestinians to resume protests at the Gaza–Israel barrier. [77] On 29 September, Qatar, the UN, and Egypt mediated an agreement between Israeli and Hamas officials in the Gaza Strip to reopen closed crossing points and deescalate tensions; [80] the total number of Gazans with work permits in Israel stood at 17,000. [81]
In 1987–88, during the initial phase of the First Intifada, the 1988 Hamas Charter was written by one older Hamas leader and ratified by Hamas in a slight hurry, as instrument to "maintain the momentum" of the newly risen Palestinian "resistance generation", giving them broad strokes direction, partly expressed in religious Islamic and partly in political terminology; thus the explanation of ...
"Previously the Youth Alliances had talked about a separate Balinese nation, Javanese nation, Sumatran nation, and so on, now 'Indonesia' spoke of a single people". [7] In 1927, Sukarno founded the Indonesian National Party (PNI) in Bandung. It was the first all-Indonesia secular party devoted primarily to independence. [8]
On 5 September, a group of unmasked people [72] declared the foundation of the West Java branch of Islamic Brotherhood Front, at Daarul Khoirot Mosque, West Bandung Regency. [73] [74] Head of the West Bandung branch of Nation and Political Unity Body (Kesbangpol), Suryaman stated that they minimally detected the foundation of the new FPI. [75]