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The cutters most often used to cut spotfaces are counterbore cutters and endmills. In manual machining especially, the former is useful because its pilot guides the cutter into the correct location (established by the bolt hole), and its cutting lips are perpendicular to the hole axis with no relief angle, meaning that a plunging cut, moving in ...
A Humbolt face cut in a Norway maple. The Humbolt face cut is a less well-known felling undercut, and is commonly used in the pacific northwest and pacific coast of Canada and Alaska. [5] A Humbolt face cut has a downward 45 degree angle, and allows the directional face cut to be made out of the stump rather than the log.
The original tool supported cutter sizes from 4 mm to 10 mm with available tenon sizes from 4x20 mm up to 10x50 mm. This allowed joints in stock as thin as 10 millimetres (0.39 in). Later a bigger tool was introduced allowing tenon sizes up to 14x140 mm, opening many carpentry use cases for the tool family.
In machining, facing is the cutting of a flat surface perpendicular to some axis of the workpiece. This can be applied in two different areas: This can be applied in two different areas: Facing on a milling machine (perpendicular to the axis of movement), which involves various milling operations, but primarily face milling .
Wood being softer than most metals, drilling in wood is considerably easier and faster than drilling in metal. Cutting fluids are not used or needed. The main issue in drilling wood is ensuring clean entry and exit holes and preventing burning. Avoiding burning is a question of using sharp bits and the appropriate cutting speed.
A fence is a part of many woodworking tools; it is typically used to guide or secure a workpiece while it is being sawn, planed, routed or marked. Fences play an important role for both accuracy and safety. Fences are usually straight and vertical, and made from metal, wood or plastic. [1]: 194
There are two standard types of router—plunge and fixed. When using a plunge-base router, the sole of the base is placed on the face of the work with the cutting bit raised above the work, then the motor is turned on and the cutter is lowered into the work. With a fixed-base router, the cut depth is set before the tool is turned on. The sole ...
Chalk line or ink line used to snap lines on the wood. Ink and a slurry of charcoal were used like chalk. Carpenter pencil; Scratch awl or similar tools were used to scratch lines on wood before the pencil was commonly used beginning in the 19th century in the U.S. Try square; Steel square is also known as a framing square. Historically a ...
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