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The problem uniform sampling a directed graph to a fixed degree sequence is to construct a solution for the digraph realization problem with the additional constraint that such each solution comes with the same probability. This problem was shown to be in FPTAS for regular sequences by Catherine Greenhill The general problem is still unsolved.
Graph homomorphism problem [3]: GT52 Graph partition into subgraphs of specific types (triangles, isomorphic subgraphs, Hamiltonian subgraphs, forests, perfect matchings) are known NP-complete. Partition into cliques is the same problem as coloring the complement of the given graph. A related problem is to find a partition that is optimal terms ...
1 Examples and types of graphs. 2 Graph coloring. ... Scale-free network; Snark (graph theory) ... Museum guard problem; Wheel graph; Graph coloring
A graph structure can be extended by assigning a weight to each edge of the graph. Graphs with weights, or weighted graphs, are used to represent structures in which pairwise connections have some numerical values. For example, if a graph represents a road network, the weights could represent the length of each road.
A graph with three vertices and three edges. A graph (sometimes called an undirected graph to distinguish it from a directed graph, or a simple graph to distinguish it from a multigraph) [4] [5] is a pair G = (V, E), where V is a set whose elements are called vertices (singular: vertex), and E is a set of unordered pairs {,} of vertices, whose elements are called edges (sometimes links or lines).
In computing and graph theory, a dynamic connectivity structure is a data structure that dynamically maintains information about the connected components of a graph. The set V of vertices of the graph is fixed, but the set E of edges can change. The three cases, in order of difficulty, are:
The yellow directed acyclic graph is the condensation of the blue directed graph. It is formed by contracting each strongly connected component of the blue graph into a single yellow vertex. If each strongly connected component is contracted to a single vertex, the resulting graph is a directed acyclic graph, the condensation of G.
Graphs are commonly used to encode structural information in many fields, including computer vision and pattern recognition, and graph matching, i.e., identification of similarities between graphs, is an important tools in these areas. In these areas graph isomorphism problem is known as the exact graph matching. [47]