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Jesus healing the bleeding woman, Roman catacombs, 300–350. Early Christian art and architecture (or Paleochristian art) is the art produced by Christians, or under Christian patronage, from the earliest period of Christianity to, depending on the definition, sometime between 260 and 525.
It comes from the adaptation of two of the earliest Christian architectural forms, the basilica and the octagonal/circular form. The cruciform church often includes side-aisles similar to the Western basilica, but they are often very short and cut open in the middle, leaving a large cross shape through the middle of the church.
Church architecture refers to the architecture of Christian buildings, such as churches, chapels, convents, seminaries, etc. It has evolved over the two thousand years of the Christian religion , partly by innovation and partly by borrowing other architectural styles as well as responding to changing beliefs, practices and local traditions.
The Gothic transept façade of Westminster Abbey (13th and 19th centuries) is decorated with layers of architectural details such as tracery, arcading and figurative carving. The Baroque façade of the Cathedral of Cadiz contrasts dynamic architectural forms with precise Classical details and careful placement of free-standing sculpture.
Most Christian groups use or have used art to some extent, including early Christian art and architecture and Christian media. Images of Jesus and narrative scenes from the Life of Christ are the most common subjects, and scenes from the Old Testament play a part in the art of most denominations.
Incised sarcophagus slab with the Adoration of the Magi from the Catacombs of Rome, 3rd century.Plaster cast with added colour. Except for Jesus wearing tzitzit—the tassels on a tallit—in Matthew 14:36 [9] and Luke 8:43–44, [10] there is no physical description of Jesus contained in any of the canonical Gospels.
The brilliant white of Christ's robes, the golden-yellow of his halo, and the bright blue of the sky behind him all serve to emphasize the ethereal nature of the event. Similarly, Byzantine art favored a flattened, hieratic style of perspective that emphasized the spiritual significance of the figures depicted.
One of these was the funerary hatchment, which was basically a coat of arms displayed on either a black or a black and white lozenge, and commemorated a notable local person. [1] The other was a representation of the Royal Arms, a feature of Anglican churches, representing the monarch's role as head of the Church of England. [1]