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As a result, PUD that is associated with H. pylori is currently treated with antibiotics used to eradicate the infection. For decades prior to their discovery, it was widely believed that PUD was caused by excess acid in the stomach. During this time, acid control was the primary method of treatment for PUD, to only partial success.
Peptic ulcer disease is when the inner part of the stomach's gastric mucosa (lining of the stomach), the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus, gets damaged. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer , while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer . [ 1 ]
Education in India is primarily managed by the state-run public education system, which falls under the command of the government at three levels: central, state and local. [7] Under various articles of the Indian Constitution and the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 , free and compulsory education is provided as a ...
The policy proposes to transform the regulatory landscape in higher education by ensuring that the four tasks of regulation, accreditation, funding, and academic standard setting are each performed by "distinct, independent and empowered bodies", and within one umbrella institution viz. the to-be-established Higher Education Commission of India ...
The public hospital system is essentially free for all Indian residents except for small, often symbolic co-payments in some services. [2] Economic Survey 2022-23 highlighted that the Central and State Governments’ budgeted expenditure on the health sector reached 2.1% of GDP in FY23 and 2.2% in FY22, against 1.6% in FY21. [3]
Based on the report and recommendations of the Kothari Commission (1964–1966), the government headed by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi announced the first National Policy on Education in 1968, which called for a "radical restructuring" and proposed equal educational opportunities in order to achieve national integration and greater cultural and economic development. [3]
Education Improving the quality of higher education in India. [99] One Stop Crisis Centre (Sakhi) — MoWCD: 2013 Women Centre to provide multiple form of aid and shelter to women who have face violence. [100] By 2018, 234 centres had been set up. [101] By 2021 there were 700 centres with plans to set up centres in foreign countries. [102]
The health system in the Twelfth Plan will continue to have a mix of public and private service providers. The public sector health services need to be strengthened to deliver both public health related and clinical services. The public and private sectors also need to coordinate for the delivery of a continuum of care.