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During World War II, a number of Jewish children escaping from the Nazis, via the Kindertransport, reached and were housed in Millisle. The Millisle Refugee Farm (Magill's farm, on the Woburn Road) and was founded by teenage pioneers from the Bachad movement. It took refugees from May 1938 until its closure in 1948. [34]
[13] [14] In recognition of his consistent support for Ireland's Jews, Éamon de Valera, Ireland's Taoiseach during the war, has a forest in Israel named in his honour. [15] In this context, it is relevant to note that two Irish contingents fought in the 1937 Spanish Civil War – but on opposing sides.
Despite O'Flaherty and Delia Murphy's joint role in helping to save more than 5,000 Jewish lives through their Rome Escape Line network during the Holocaust in Italy, [2] Anglo-Irish and Protestant nurse Mary Elmes still remains the only Irish person honoured as a Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem.
Emancipation often brought more opportunities for Jews and many integrated into larger European society and became more secular rather than remaining in cohesive Jewish communities. The pre-World War II Jewish population of Europe is estimated to have been close to 9 million, [5] or 57% of the world's Jewish population. [6]
The massive scale of the Holocaust which happened during World War II greatly affected the Jewish people and world public opinion, which only understood the dimensions of the Final Solution after the war. The genocide, known as HaShoah in Hebrew, aimed at the elimination of the Jewish people on the European continent.
Unlike other neutral states, Ireland did not introduce a general prohibition on its citizens opting for foreign enlistment during the war. However, one serious concern of government in this regard was the relatively high number of Irish soldiers deserting and leaving the jurisdiction. [ 86 ]
Jews outside Europe under Axis occupation suffered greatly during World War II. While there is academic consensus that the extermination of the non-European Jews was a long-term goal for the Nazi regime, [1] it is less clear whether there were any imminent plans or policies to that end. Although there is no unanimity among historians on this ...
During World War II, some individuals and groups helped Jews and others escape the Holocaust conducted by Nazi Germany. The support, or at least absence of active opposition, of the local population was essential to Jews attempting to hide but often lacking in Eastern Europe. [1] Those in hiding depended on the assistance of non-Jews. [2]