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Hans Selye defined stress as “the nonspecific (that is, common) result of any demand upon the body, be the effect mental or somatic.” [5] This includes the medical definition of stress as a physical demand and the colloquial definition of stress as a psychological demand. A stressor is inherently neutral meaning that the same stressor can ...
Psychological hardiness, alternatively referred to as personality hardiness or cognitive hardiness in the literature, is a personality style first introduced by Suzanne C. Kobasa in 1979. [1] Kobasa described a pattern of personality characteristics that distinguished managers and executives who remained healthy under life stress, as compared ...
Cognitive appraisal (also called simply 'appraisal') is the subjective interpretation made by an individual to stimuli in the environment. It is a component in a variety of theories relating to stress , mental health , coping , and emotion .
The definition of perseverative cognition is: "the repeated or chronic activation of the cognitive representation of one or more psychological stressors". [ 2 ] [ 8 ] Worry , rumination and all other forms of thoughts ( cognition ), about stressful events that have happened or might happen, fall under the definition of perseverative cognition.
Cognitive therapy is based on a teacher-student relationship, where the therapist educates the client. Cognitive therapy uses Socratic questioning to challenge cognitive distortions. Homework is an essential aspect of cognitive therapy. It consolidates the skills learned in therapy. The cognitive approach is active, directed, and structured.
A stressor is a chemical or biological agent, environmental condition, external stimulus or an event seen as causing stress to an organism. [1] Psychologically speaking, a stressor can be events or environments that individuals might consider demanding, challenging, and/or threatening individual safety.
Cognitive psychology derived its name from the Latin cognoscere, referring to knowing and information, thus cognitive psychology is an information-processing psychology derived in part from earlier traditions of the investigation of thought and problem solving. [1] [2] Behaviorists acknowledged the existence of thinking but identified it as a ...
Stress produces numerous physical and mental symptoms which vary according to each individual's situational factors. These can include a decline in physical health, such as headaches, chest pain, fatigue, sleep problems, [1] and depression. The process of stress management is a key factor that can lead to a happy and successful life in modern ...