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Neonatology. Transient hyperammonemia of the newborn (THAN) is an idiopathic disorder occasionally present in preterm newborns but not always symptomatic. [1] Continuous dialysis or hemofiltration have proven to be the most effective treatment. [1][2] Nutritional support and sodium benzoate have also been used to treat THAN.
Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and sclera due to high bilirubin levels. [3][6] Jaundice in adults is typically a sign indicating the presence of underlying diseases involving abnormal heme metabolism, liver dysfunction, or biliary-tract obstruction. [7] The prevalence of jaundice in adults ...
Erythema toxicum neonatorum is a common, non-threatening rash in newborns. [1][2] It appears in 40-70% of newborns within the first week of life, and it typically improves within 1–2 weeks. [2][3][4] It only occurs during the newborn period, but may appear slightly later in premature babies. [2][5] The rash has a variable appearance.
Neonatal sepsis of the newborn is an infection that has spread through the entire body. The inflammatory response to this systematic infection can be as serious as the infection itself. [26] In infants that weigh under 1500 g, sepsis is the most common cause of death. Three to four percent of infants per 1000 births contract sepsis.
Hyperammonemia, or high ammonia levels, is a metabolic disturbance characterised by an excess of ammonia in the blood. Severe hyperammonemia is a dangerous condition that may lead to brain injury and death. It may be primary or secondary. Ammonia is a substance that contains nitrogen. It is a product of the catabolism of protein.
Acne infantum, acne neonatorum, [1] and neonatal cephalic pustulosis [2] An infant with neonatal acne on the face, especially the forehead. Specialty. Dermatology. Neonatal acne, also known as acne neonatorum, is a type of acne that develops in newborns, typically before six weeks of life. [3] It presents with open and closed comedones on the ...
Neonatal sepsis. Neonatal sepsis is a type of neonatal infection and specifically refers to the presence in a newborn baby of a bacterial blood stream infection (BSI) (such as meningitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, or gastroenteritis) in the setting of fever. Older textbooks may refer to neonatal sepsis as "sepsis neonatorum".
Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), also known as surfactant deficiency disorder (SDD), [2] and previously called hyaline membrane disease (HMD), is a syndrome in premature infants caused by developmental insufficiency of pulmonary surfactant production and structural immaturity in the lungs. It can also be a consequence of neonatal ...