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Yarn is selected for different textiles based on the characteristics of the yarn fibres, such as warmth (wool), light weight (cotton or rayon), durability (nylon is added to sock yarn, for example), or softness (cashmere, alpaca). Yarn is composed of twisted strands of fiber, which are known as plies when grouped together. [19]
Spinning is an ancient textile art in which plant, animal or synthetic fibres are drawn out and twisted together to form yarn. For thousands of years, fibre was spun by hand using simple tools, the spindle and distaff. After the introduction of the spinning wheel in the 13th century, the output of individual spinners increased dramatically.
Spinning is a twisting technique to form yarn from fibers.The fiber intended is drawn out, twisted, and wound onto a bobbin.A few popular fibers that are spun into yarn other than cotton, which is the most popular, are viscose (the most common form of rayon), animal fibers such as wool, and synthetic polyester. [1]
Preferably, Z-twisted yarns should have a firm close twist to avoid the yarn from untwisting completely. Most suited are high Z-twisted and low S-plied yarns. [17] The technique always refers to knitting with two strands of yarn, even when knitting a monochrome fabric. The strands of yarn can come from one or two balls of yarn.
Filling or weft yarns usually have fewer twists per inch because strength is not as important as with warp yarns, and highly twisted yarns are, in general, stronger. Warp yarns have to be stronger so that they can withstand the tension of the loom. Filament fibers, such as silk, or many synthetics, need only be twisted slightly to create a yarn.
Diagram showing S and Z twist. There are two common ways to ply a balanced yarn: regular and chain plying. Both methods involve the manipulation of "singles"—unplied strands on their own—into multiple-ply yarns by applying twist in the opposite direction than how the single was spun. For example, if in spinning the single the wheel was spinning clockwise (called a "Z" twist, as on any ...
In a sewing thread, the treads are doubled in two phases. Two or three strands are twisted together then three of these threads are twisted together, to form a six or nine cord. [9] The spun yarn is wound onto a bobbin using a doubling winding machine, and two or more of these bobbins are placed on doubling frame (doubling winding machine). The ...
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