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The term "Big Five" was coined around the time when long-playing recordings became available, regular orchestral radio broadcasts were expanding, and the five orchestras that make up the group had annual concert series in New York City.
[1] [2] As of 2007, there were 117 U.S. orchestras with annual budgets of $2.5 million or more. [ 3 ] Critics in the 1950s identified five American orchestras as the Big Five , those considered leaders in "musical excellence, calibre of musicianship, total contract weeks, weekly basic wages, recording guarantees, and paid vacations."
The New York Philharmonic is an American symphony orchestra based in New York City. Known officially as the Philharmonic-Symphony Society of New York, Inc., [1] and globally known as the New York Philharmonic Orchestra (NYPO) [2] [3] or the New York Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra, [4] it is one of the leading American orchestras popularly called the "Big Five". [5]
The Boston Symphony Orchestra (BSO) is an American orchestra based in Boston. It is the second-oldest of the five major American symphony orchestras commonly referred to as the " Big Five ". [ 1 ] Founded by Henry Lee Higginson in 1881, the BSO performs most of its concerts at Boston's Symphony Hall and in the summer performs at Tanglewood .
The Philadelphia Orchestra is an American symphony orchestra, based in Philadelphia.One of the "Big Five" American orchestras, the orchestra is based at the Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts, where it performs its subscription concerts, numbering over 130 annually, at Marian Anderson Hall (formerly Verizon Hall).
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The Cleveland Orchestra is an American orchestra based in Cleveland, Ohio. [1] [2] Founded in 1918 by the pianist and impresario Adella Prentiss Hughes, the orchestra is one of the five American orchestras informally referred to as the "Big Five". [3]
This is a list of symphony orchestras that includes orchestras with established notability. The orchestras of Europe have a separate list . A list of youth orchestras can be found at List of youth orchestras .