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The conversion of ethanol to ethylene is a fundamental example: [3] [4] CH 3 CH 2 OH → H 2 C=CH 2 + H 2 O. The reaction is accelerated by acid catalysts such as sulfuric acid and certain zeolites. These reactions often proceed via carbocation intermediates as shown for the dehydration of cyclohexanol. [5] Some alcohols are prone to dehydration.
Little is known about the properties and the function of human SDH because human liver has low SDH activity. In a study done by Yoshida and Kikuchi, routes of glycine breakdown were measured. Glycine can be converted into serine and either become pyruvate via serine dehydratase or undergo oxidative cleavage into methylene-THF , ammonia , and ...
Chronic dehydration, such as from physically demanding jobs or decreased thirst, can lead to chronic kidney disease. [51] Elderly people with dehydration are at higher risk of confusion, urinary tract infections, falls, and even delayed wound healing. [52] In children with mild to moderate dehydration, oral hydration is adequate for a full ...
Serine dehydratase is an example of a dehydratase. It utilizes PLP as a cofactor. Dehydratases are a group of lyase enzymes that form double and triple bonds in a substrate through the removal of water. [1] They can be found in many places including the mitochondria, peroxisome and cytosol. [2]
Dehydration can occur as a result of diarrhea, vomiting, water scarcity, physical activity, and alcohol consumption. Management of dehydration (or rehydration) seeks to reverse dehydration by replenishing the lost water and electrolytes. Water and electrolytes can be given through a number of routes, including oral, intravenous, and rectal.
Metabolism (/ m ə ˈ t æ b ə l ɪ z ə m /, from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.The three main functions of metabolism are: the conversion of the energy in food to energy available to run cellular processes; the conversion of food to building blocks of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and some carbohydrates; and the ...
Hydroxy groups participate in the dehydration reactions that link simple biological molecules into long chains. The joining of a fatty acid to glycerol to form a triacylglycerol removes the −OH from the carboxy end of the fatty acid.
The reaction may otherwise involve the functional groups of the molecule, and is a versatile class of reactions that can occur in acidic or basic conditions or in the presence of a catalyst. This class of reactions is a vital part of life as it is essential to the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids and to the biosynthesis of fatty ...